Фрэнсис Даус

«Иллюстрации к Шекспиру и древним нравам»

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[164] Но французский Моррис можно проследить до гораздо более раннего периода. Среди других примеров расточительности мессира Жиля де Рэ в 1440 году упоминаются танцоры Моррис. Лобино, «История Бретани», II, 1069. В счетах Оливье ле Ру, казначея Артура III, герцога Бретани в 1457 году, есть эта статья: «à certains compaignons qui avoient fait plusieurs esbatemens de morisques et autres jeux devant le due à Tours, vi. escus». — Id. 1205. На великолепном пиру, устроенном Гастоном де Фуа в Вандоме в 1458 году, «четверо молодых парней и девица, одетые как дикари, танцевали (под хорошим руководством) превосходный Мориско перед собранием». — Фавин, «Театр чести», стр. 345; и см. Карпентье, Suppl. ad glossar. Ducangian. v. Morikinus. Кокийяр, французский поэт, писавший около 1470 года, говорит, что швейцарцы танцевали Мориско под бой барабана. «Œuvres», стр. 127.

[165] Пек, «Мемуары Мильтона», 135. То, что этот писатель добавил по поводу танца Моррис, не очень интересно; но он, безусловно, ошибается в своем объяснении «танца пяти, семи или девяти человек».

[166] Ритсон, «Робин Гуд», I, cii.

[167] См. особенно «Анатомию злоупотреблений» Стаббса, стр. 109, изд. 1595, 4to.

[168] В «Письме из замка Кенилворт или Киллингворт» Лейнема описан свадебный эль, в котором упоминается «живой танец Моррис, согласно древнему обычаю: шесть танцоров, Мэриан и шут».

[169] См. «Обзор Лондона» Стоу, 1618, 4to, стр. 161.

[170] «Анатомия злоупотреблений» Стаббса, стр. 107.

[171] Фетерстон, «Диалог против легких, непристойных и распутных танцев», 1582, 12mo, sign. D. 7. См. отрывок на ту же тему в «Трактате против игры в кости, танцев и т. д.» Нортбрука, 1597, 4to, fo. 68 b.

[172] «Англия Альбиона», 1612, стр. 121.

[173] «Шекспир» Стивенса, в конце пьесы «Король Генрих IV», часть I.

[174] Существует примечательный пример порчи, которая постепенно вводилась в народные церемонии, в праздновании Порохового заговора; в котором раньше Гай Фокс позорно возился в тележке вместе с Папой и Дьяволом, все из которых впоследствии предавались пламени: тогда как в настоящее время у нас есть только изображение парня, или иногда настоящий мальчик, разодетый в позолоченные лохмотья, оборки и напудренный парик, под названием «Бедный Гай», для которого сопровождающие, кажется, просят милостыню. Папа был давно изгнан прокламацией или актом парламента; а Дьявол, вероятно, забыт одними или стал объектом слишком большого ужаса для других, чтобы с ним играть.

[175] Счета церковных старост в Кингстоне, в «Окрестностях Лондона» Лайсонса, том I, стр. 227. Ученый автор этой интересной работы заметил, что он не нашел записей в Кингстоне, относящихся к майским играм после 29-го года правления Генриха VIII; но они, безусловно, продолжались как приходские церемонии в других местах до гораздо более позднего периода. В счетах церковных старост Грейт-Марлоу видно, что костюмы для танца Моррис одалживались соседним приходам еще в 1629 году. См. «Древности Десборо» Лэнгли, 4to, 1797.

[176] Фордун, «Scotichronicon», 1759, folio, том II, стр. 104.

[177] «Polyolbion», песня XXVI.

[178] «Работы» Бена Джонсона, 1756, том VI, стр. 93.

[179] Мэриан, или, как чаще пишут, Мэрион, образовано не, как полагали некоторые французские писатели, от Мэри и Энн, а, скорее всего, от Мариамны, жены Ирода, чье имя, кажется, заимствовано от имени Мириам (מרים) пророчицы, сестры Аарона. Говорят, что Мириам происходит от сирийского слова, означающего «госпожа», или от מרר (marar) — «горечь». Имя Мэри, очевидно сокращенное от Мириам или Мариамны, не встречается до времени дочери Иоакима и Анны, матери Христа, в какой период мы находим других Марий в Новом Завете. Примечательно, что Мария, от Мариуса, не встречается среди римских женских имен, подобно тому, как у нас есть Юлия, Корнелия, Фульвия, Проба, Валерия и т. д. от Юлия, Корнелия, Фульвия, Пробуса и Валерия. Остроумный и эксцентричный Эдмунд Гейтон в посвящении к своим «Праздничным заметкам о Дон Кихоте» говорит о «Мэриан» (Mayd Myriam). Он, возможно, вообразил, что танец Моррис был предложен пророчицей и ее танцующими женщинами с их тимпанами.

[180] «Шекспир» Стивенса, VIII, 530.

[181] «История острова Мэн» Уолброна, 12mo, стр. 95, где он описал шуточную битву между королевами.

[182] «Церковные мемуары» Страйпа, III, 376.

[183] «Честность этого века», 1615, 4to, стр. 35.

[184] Что именно представляли собой эти дамы, понять нелегко. Whitepot в старой кулинарии был своего рода заварным кремом, приготовленным в корке или блюде со сливками, яйцами, яблочной мякотью, сахаром, специями и кусочками белого или маншетового хлеба. Поэтому возможно, что Мэриан, которую иногда изображала кухонная служанка или повариха, получила титул «королевы белого горшка».

[185] «Золотые книги свинцовых богов», 1577, 4to, fo. 30.

[186] «Острота для выскочки-придворного» Грина, sig. D. 3.

[187] Bavon или bavette происходит от bave — слюна. Отсюда средневековый латинский термин для дурака — bavosus. См. Дюканж, Gloss. Это очень правдоподобная этимология, и она могла бы вполне стоять сама по себе; но нельзя скрывать, что в некоторых северных языках Bavian означает обезьяну или павиана. Остается выяснить, применил ли Флетчер, который, кажется, единственный писатель, использовавший это слово, его к данному шуту из-за обезьяньих трюков, которые он исполнял. Если бы мы могли обнаружить имена персонажей во французском, голландском или немецком танце Моррис того времени, можно было бы пролить некоторый свет на этот предмет.

[188] См. «Образцы древней скульптуры и живописи» Картера, том II, табл. XIII, №№ 5 и 13, и табл. XXXVI.

[189] Изд. 1585, 12mo, стр. 299. См. также статью chironomus на стр. 521.

[190] «Грубости» Кориата, 1611, 4to, стр. 9.

[191] Тем не менее, во время правления Карла II Томас Холл, другой пуританский писатель, опубликовал свою «Funebria Floræ, падение майских игр», 1661, 4to, в которой, среди множества глупых декламаций против этих невинных развлечений, он утверждает, что «паписты охотно дают людям майские деревья, а святость Папы изо всех сил поддерживает свои суеверные фестивали как главную опору своего шаткого королевства». Что «этими чувственными видами спорта и плотскими путями вина, женщин, танцев, пиршеств и т. д. он приобрел больше душ, чем всеми пытками и жестокими преследованиями, которые он мог изобрести». Он добавляет: «Какой печальный отчет придется дать этим распутникам, когда Господь спросит их: где ты был в такую ночь? почему, мой Лорд, я был с нечестивой толпой, крал майские деревья; и где ты был в такой день? почему, мой Лорд, я пил, танцевал, заигрывал, буйствовал, распутничал, пьянствовал и т. д.»

[192] «Каждый вне своего настроения», акт II, сцена 1.

[193] Испанский словарь.

[194] См. пластину древних карт, XXXI, в «Спорте и развлечениях» Стратта, где валет или слуга одет таким образом.

[195] Счета церковных старост в Кингстоне, в «Окрестностях Лондона» Лайсонса, I, стр. 227, 228.

[196] «Анатомия злоупотреблений» Стаббса, ubi supra.

[197] См. «Ведьма Эдмонтона» Роули, 1658, акт I, сцена 2.

[198] Стаббс, ubi supra. «Рыцарь пламенеющего пестика», акт IV.

[199] Стаббс, ubi supra. «Маска цыган» Джонсона. «Академия армори» Холма, книга III, стр. 169, откуда была заимствована следующая гравюра, которая, какой бы грубой она ни была, может служить для передачи некоторого представления о том, как использовались платки.

[200] «Рыцарь пламенеющего пестика», акт IV.

[201] «Vox graculi», 1623, стр. 49.

[202] «Удовлетворенные женщины» Флетчера, акт IV.

[203] «Острота для выскочки-придворного» Грина, sign. B. 2.

[204] Этот трактат упоминается сэром Уильямом Темплом в его «Эссе о здоровье и долголетии» из сообщения лорда Лестера. Хауэлл в своем «Разговоре зверей» (1660) записал, что «в последние годы в пределах трех миль были вызваны десять человек, которым было тысяча лет на всех, один восполнял то, чего не хватало другому до ста лет каждому, и они танцевали Моррис несколько часов подряд на рыночной площади с табористом перед ними 103 лет от роду и девой Мэриан 105 лет». — стр. 122. Это, по-видимому, намекает на то же событие.

[205] Сравните № 1 с фигурой слева внизу на гравюре; № 4 с фигурой слева вверху; № 6 с фигурой справа внизу; и № 7 с фигурой справа вверху. У этого последнего персонажа на фламандской гравюре есть цветок в шляпе, как и у № 4. Вопрос: не был ли этот орнамент случайно пропущен английским гравером?

[206] Смерть этого джентльмена зафиксирована 22 октября 1779 года. Гоф, «Brit. topogr.», II, 239.

[207] См. его продолжение к «Печальному пастуху» Бена Джонсона, 1782, 8vo, стр. 255, работа весьма значительного достоинства, которая существенно уменьшит сожаление всех читателей со вкусом о том, что оригинал остался незавершенным.

[208] «Робин Гуд», I, cviii.

УКАЗАТЕЛЬ.

«Commoditas homines studiosos invitavit librorum Indices comparare, quibus minimo labore ad id quod quisque quæreret, tanquam manu duceretur». — Цицерон к Аттику.

A. СТР.

Æsop's Fables, a ludicrous cut in some editions of them, 12

Æsopian fables, account of a collection of them made during the middle ages, 361

——, moralized, 523

Affiancing, some account of this ancient ceremony, 67, 248

Ages of man, prints of them, 185

Alexander the great, his good savour, 150

——, his arms as one of the nine worthies, 150

Althea's firebrand, inaccurately alluded to by Shakspeare, 278

Alligator, a conjecture on the derivation of this word, 436

Alliterative and anapæstic lines, in Love's labour's lost, not Shakspeare's, 133

Amaimon, the name of a Devil, 264

Ambrose, Saint, a hymn by him against nocturnal illusions, 128

Amulets against fascination, 303, 305

——, phallic, 304

Anachronisms, those of Shakspeare pointed out, 488

Angels, cracked, 460

Anglo-Norman song, 447

Apemantus, his character whence borrowed, 356

Apollonius Tyaneus, account of this romance, 398

April and May, to smell, 45

Appeal for treason, the ceremony observed in the combats on that occasion, 317, 487

Arbeau Thoinot, his Orchesographie, a curious treatise on dancing, 135, 301

Archee or Archy Armstrong, the fool of James I. and Charles I., 502, 505, 513

Armin, Robert, an imitator of Shakspeare in his play of The Valiant Welshman, 476

Arthur's show, some account of it, 283

Artillery, names given to it formerly, 261

Ars moriendi, account of a print copied from it, 325

Arvals, description of them, 439

Asmodeus, the demon of nocturnal illusions, 129

Ass, receipt to make a man resemble one, 119

Autolycus, not a minstrel, 216

——, whence his character taken, 217

Bacon, Lord, story from his apophthegms, 276

Badge, account of this ancient mark of servitude, 205

——, representation of it, 209

Bagpipe woollen, the true reading, 162

Banks, some account of him and his horse, 131

Banshee, an Irish fairy, 237

Bardolph, his face, the subject of Falstaff's wit, 267

Bartholomæus de proprietatibus rerum, account of this book, 487

Basilisco oaths, 247

Basilisk, its fabulous property, 321

Batman upon Bartholome, its original price, 6

Battles, the absurd way of representing them on the ancient stage, 296

Bauble, the fool's, description of various sorts of it, 386, 509

Bavian fool, 593

Beadles, their ancient dress, 293

Bear-licking, popular notions respecting it, 330

Beaufort, Cardinal, strictures on a celebrated painting of his death, 325

Beaumont and Fletcher, one edition of their plays curious for the prints, 489

Bed, blessing of the bridal, 485

Bellona's bridegroom, this expression defended, 228

Bell-savage, sign of the, explained, 61

Belly and the members, origin of this apologue investigated, 361

Benzoria, a sort of witch or fairy, 236

Bercheur or Berchorius, his Repertorium morale, 528

——, был ли он автором Gesta Romanorum, ib.

Bermuda, island of, 3

Betrothing, some account of this ancient ceremony, 67, 248

Bestiarium, an old work on natural history, 522, 524

Bills, the setting up of, 101

Bird-bolts, explained, 102

Blessing of beds, an ancient ceremony, 126

—— палат, ib.

Blue coats, 205

Boccaccio's novels, a very ancient English translation of them pointed out, 103

——, account of the English translation of his Decameron, 382

Bond story in the Merchant of Venice, remarks on it, 171

Boot, torture of the, explained, 21

Bow, the awkward use of it by crowkeepers, 417

Bows, materials of which they were made in England, 244

Bras, the ancient pronunciation of this French word ascertained, 310

Brawl, account of this ancient dance, 134

Brazen tombs, meaning of this expression, 130

Breaking the little finger, a token of amorous dalliance, 262

Breeches bible, particulars relating to it, 233

Bridal-bed, ceremony of blessing it, 123

Bromyard, John, an old English preacher, his Summa prædicantium described, 526

Brothels, signs anciently belonging to them described, 397

——, jesters employed in them, 358, 378

Budha, a deity of Ceylon, story of him and a hare, 10

Bunyan, John, supposed to have been indebted to an old romance for the materials of his Pilgrim's progress, 256

Burial service, particulars of it before the reformation, 222

Cakes and ale, old custom relating to them, 55

Canary dance, description of, 136

Candlesticks, remarks on ancient ones, 308

Cardanus's comforte, a book used by Shakspeare, 461

Carol, an ancient one, 217

Carpet-knights, account of, 66

Casket story in the Merchant of Venice, remarks on it, 169, 486

Cat, why the favourite of witches, 243

Catullus, a remarkable coincidence between a passage in this author and one in Shakspeare, 461

Cavendish's life of Wolsey, account of, 159

Cavendish, some remarks on his life of Wolsey, 344

Caxton's chronicle, some account of it, 260

——, his chess book not didactic, 522

——, not the author of a chronicle ascribed to him, 422, 512

Ceremonies, popular, modern corruptions in them noticed, 586

Chastellain, George, his account of the manner in which the duke of Gloucester was put to death, 322

China dishes, when first brought into England, 78

Chopine, description of it, 457

Chrisome explained, 299

Cilhart, the favourite hound of Prince Llewellyn, a story relating to him, 547

Clarence, duke of, the manner of his death, 323

Cleopatra, her trick upon Marc Antony, 369

Clerk of Chatham, in King Henry the Sixth, an unreal character, 327

Clown, various remarks on this character, 32, 74, 94, 151, 167, 191, 200, 224

Clowns in old plays, classification of them, 499

——, various remarks on, 374, 387, 398, 483, 497

——. См. Шут.

Clocks, their antiquity in England, 138

Coin with cracked edges, hoarded by usurers, 459

Colevile of the dale, 289

Combats, single, in cases of treason, ceremonies observed in them, 317, 487

Comet, a medal stricken to commemorate that which appeared on the death of Julius Cæsar, 364

Concert improperly used for consort, 314

Conde Lucanor, a Spanish collection of novels, 212

Conscience, its dispute with the flesh, the subject of an old Monkish fable, 157

Contest devots, account of them, 521

Copley, Antony, account of a work written by him, 210

Cornelius's tub, uncertainty of the origin of this expression, 357

Coroners, their conduct satirized by Shakspeare, 476

Corporal of the field, his office explained, 138

Coryat, a curious quotation from him, 330

Cotgrave, the first edition of his valuable dictionary, 140

Coventry pageants, remarks on, 217

—— plays, an extract from one of them, 463

Covercle, whence derived, 282

Cressets, some account of them, 264

Cressida, how punished for her falsehood to Troilus, 299

Critic on Shakspeare, a female one censured, 379

Cross-gartering, fashion of explained, 57

Crotalum, account of this ancient instrument, 509

Crowns of the sun, the coins so called described, 396

Crying clubs, illustration of that custom, 344

Cude Yeddy, an idiot so called, 416

Cupid, his golden shaft, 53, 484

——, his blindness, 137

——, why called a hangman, 107, 146

Curry favour, origin of this phrase, 291

Curtain formerly placed before pictures, 53

Cymbeline, remarks on the story of this play, 381

Dagonet, the fool of King Arthur in the romances of the round table, some account of him, 283, 286

Daiphantus, a work by Scoloker, in which Hamlet is alluded to, 465, 478

Dame Habunde or Abunde, a fairy, 237

Dance of death, account of a remarkable one, 81

Dancing rapier, 193

Danes, formerly remarkable for hard drinking, 449

Death and the fool, a subject borrowed from the Dance of death, 80

—— and the lady, old representations of, 478

Dedications, prices of in the time of Elizabeth, 573

Deer, killed by ladies in ancient times, 139

Despenser, Hugh le, his arraignment in the original form, 274

Devices, whence those of the knights in Pericles were borrowed, 392

Devil, his roaring, 258

——'s ruff-shop, print of it, 220

——s invoked by witches, account of them, 315

Diana, a name for Hecate in modern times, 235

——, patroness of witches, 236

Dictionary, the first French and English, by Hollyband, afterwards amplified by Cotgrave, 140

Dieu et mon droit, when this motto was originally used, 248

Dragon on Chinese porcelain, 18

——, a character in the morris dance, 600

Drinking horns, formerly carried by lunatics, &c., 415

Drinking pots with hoops, explained, 327

Duke, its ancient meaning, 111

Dun is in the mire, an old proverbial phrase, 425

Edward shovel-boards, 33

Ego et rex meus, remarks on this expression, 341

Elbow, rubbing the, a popular superstition, 273

Elf-knots, 426

Эльфийские локоны, ib.

Эльфийские камни, ib.

Elizabeth, Queen, a compliment to her, 341

Eloisa, some compositions by her noticed, 472

Эфесские повести Ксенофонта, роман, который, как предполагается, послужил важным инцидентом в истории Ромео и Джульетты, 436

Essex, Earl of, a supposed allusion to his death, 250

Euriphile, whence the name borrowed by Shakspeare, 378

Evil spirits, how the Greeks expelled them from dying persons, 326

Eyes, green, 30

——, серый, ib.

Fair lady of Norwich, origin of a curious story so entitled, 545

Fairies, delight in cleanliness, 122

——, miscellaneous remarks on them, 238

——, their blessing, 127

——, their immortality defended, 114

——, their rings, 111, 114

——, their song, 51

Falling of the axe, this expression examined, 187

Falstaff, the severity of his punishment censured, 294

Farmer, Doctor, a mistake in a note by him pointed out, 571

Fascination against the influence of evil eyes, remarks on it, 303

Fashions in dress, the English always remarkable for their variation of them, 105

Fate, used by Shakspeare for fortune, and not death according to Warburton, 146

Father friar, this expression explained, 84

Favel, the ancient name of a horse, 291

Fica, 303

Ficus, remarks on the disease so called, 304

Fig, making the, explained, 302

Fig of Spain, 307

Finis coronat opus, remarks on this phrase, 199

Florio's First fruits, some account of that book, 140

Fool, death's, 80

——, fortune's, 146

——, time's, 273

——, various remarks on this character, 18, 55, 74, 94, 198, 200

——, Charles the First's, 502

——, city and corporation, 500

——, court, 502

——, domestic, 499, 501

——, Duke of Mantua's, story of him, 505

——, Earl of Suffolk's, 503

——, female, 500

——, fortune's, 431

——, in brothels, 358, 500

——, in dumb shows at fairs, 501

——, in the mysteries and moralities, 500

——, Lord Mansel's, 504

——, Louis the Thirteenth's, 505

——, morris, 501, 592

——, mountebank's, 501

——, Поупа, ib.

——, proverb relating to him explained, 506

——, Sir Thomas More's, 513

——, stage, his office, 507, 514

——, story of a Welsh one, 503

——, strumpet's, 358, 500

——, tavern, 500

——, various remarks on this character, 358, 412, 419, 483, 497

——, Whitson ale, 501

——, Вильгельма Завоевателя, ib.

Fool's bauble, 509

—— cockscomb, 508

—— combat with death, 394

—— dress, 507, 510

—— general mode of behaviour, 504

—— punishment, 505

Fools, begged, 148

——, pre-eminence of those in Shakspeare's plays, 514

——, their decline, 503, 515

——. См. Шуты.

Fortunatus, origin of the story of this romance, 553

Fox-tails, how worn by ladies in the reign of Edward I., 512

French crown, 76

—— songs and ballads, 446, 472, 474

Friar and the boy, a popular story used by Shakspeare, 14

Frier John and frier Richard, a curious story so entitled, 392, 545

—— Tuck, origin of his name, 587

Funeral feasts, borrowed from the ancients, 439

Gascoine, justice, an anachronism concerning him, 293

Gentlemen, what they formerly were, 214, 223

——, who were so formerly, 429, 476, 486

Gesta Romanorum, 400, 401, 402, 403, 420

—— ——, some account of it, 167, 170

—— ——, a curious story from an ancient English MS. of it, 172

—— ——, analysis of a work under this name composed in England, 537

—— ——, inquiries concerning its authors, 527, 571

—— ——, manuscripts of it, 531, 536, 574

—— ——, printed editions of it, 532, 571, 575

—— ——, question examined whether composed in England, 535

—— ——, stories from it used in the pulpit, or otherwise to entertain the monks, 527

—— ——, translations of it, 533, 571

—— ——, two works under this name, 520

Ghosts retire at the approach of day, 120

——, damned, 466

——, reasons for their appearing, 450

——, why exclusively addressed by scholars, 438

——, why said to fast, 451

——, why they disappeared at the dawn of day, 452

Gilliflower, applied by Perdita to a painted woman, 219

Gilt two-pences, 290

Ginger, in great use formerly as a stomachic, 88

Girdle, turning of the, explained, 109

Gis, a corruption of Jesus, 475

Gloucester, duke of, discordant accounts of his death, 322

Giving hands, an old expression for bestowing applause, 129

Glow-worm's fire, 118

Goblin, what it signified in former times, 242

Golden legend, a story from that work, 239

Gowrie conspiracy, 213

Gower, supposed to have translated the Gesta Romanorum into English, 572

Grace, when this title was first used, 320

Grammatical errors in Shakspeare, 181

Gray, Mr., borrowed from Shakspeare, 343

Green sleeves, an old ballad, 37

—— eyes, less uncommon formerly than at present, 433

—— sleeves, some account of an old time so called, 484

Guido's painting of Bacchus and Ariadne, remarks on, 29

Гвидо де Колонна, его «Троянская книга» не оригинальная работа, как обычно полагают, а заимствована у Бенуа де Сент-Мора, нормандского французского поэта, 353

Guillelmus Hilacensis, singular title bestowed on himself, 523

Guy Faux, how treated by the modern populace, 586

Halfpence, tearing pieces into, explained, 107

Halifax gibbet, 188

Hamlet, alluded to in Scoloker's Daiphantus, 478

——, enigmatical speech by him explained, 469

Hamlet, his madness, 456

Harlequin, the successor to the old vice of our theatres, 288

Harry ten shillings, when first coined, 283

Hay, an ancient dance, a sort of brawl, 146

Heaping coals of fire on a person's head, explanation of this phrase, 423

Heart, the seat of courage among the ancients, 365

Hearts and hands, 482

Hecate, how accented by Shakspeare, 122

——, her team, 121

——, miscellaneous remarks on, 235

Helmet, some observations on this part of ancient armour, 269

Henbane, 452

——, Shakspeare's insane root, 229

Heraldry ridiculed by Shakspeare, 476

Herb John, a proverbial expression relating to it, 481

Hermit of Prague, 66

Herne's oak, 51

Herod, account of his character in the old mysteries, 463

——, his character in the old mysteries illustrated, 85

Herodias, 236, 237

Higa, mistake concerning its etymology, 306

Hobby-horse, a character in the morris dance, 595

Holinshed, an error in his chronicle, 297

Hollyband, his real name Sainliens, 139

Horn, romance of King, 2

Horned head-dresses of the ladies, 125

Horse, the dancing, account of, 131

Horses, ancient names of, 291

Hugo de Sancto Victore, some tales and fables ascribed to him, 524

Hume, Mr., a singular remark by him, 323

Hundred merry tales, discussion relating to them, 102

Hyena, 189

Idiots, begging of them, 148

Imagines Mortis, a series of prints supposed to have been known to Shakspeare, 252

Infamis digitus, 302

Israel Von Mecheln, account of a curious print engraven by him representing a morris dance, 585

Jachimo, remarks on this name, 375

Jack of the clock-house, 337

Janus, his double head difficult to explain, 154

Jesus, corruption of his name into Gis, 475

——, name of, inscribed on swords, 455

Jews, their usury, 155

Joculator, ancient meaning of this word, 502

Jourdain, Margery, some account of her, 316

Иуда, намек на него, 215

Kaukie, a sort of fairies, 239

Killigrew, not a regular jester, 503

King Henry the Sixth, account of prayers composed by him, 337

—— —— —— ——, reasons why the whole of the plays on his reign were not written by Shakspeare, 332

King Lear, an unpublished story of him and his daughters, 420

Kirke, Colonel, his conduct misrepresented by Mr. Hume, 95

Kirtle, some observations on it, 282, 294

Kissing, part of the ancient ceremony of betrothing, 248

Knight, remarks on this title, 378

Knights topers, ceremony of dubbing them, 293

Labyrinthus, the author of this Latin comedy indebted to Shakspeare, 427

Lady of the May, 589

Lancaster, Duke of, an error relating to him corrected, 277

Lark, parallel passages relating to his singing extracted from old poets, 375

Lavolta, an ancient dance described, 300

Law of the twelve tables, permitting a creditor to mangle the debtor's body, 178

Lawyers compared to frogs by an old monkish writer, 528

Leland probably translated the Gesta Romanorum, 571, 573

Lenox, Mrs., the injustice of some of her criticisms on Shakspeare, 97, 110

Lion, generosity of this animal, 189

Liver, the seat of love, 38

Liveries of servants, 206

Lord of the May, 590

Love, blindness of, noticed by Chaucer, 138

Love's labour's lost, this play supposed to have been taken from a French novel, 152

Lowth, Bishop, mistaken in his opinion concerning wastel bread, 444

Lucifer the morning star, Aurora's harbinger, 120

Lullaby songs, remarks on them, 383

—— ——, specimens of, 385

Lydgate, his poem against horned head-dresses, 125

Lydgate, monk of Bury, supposed to have been concerned in an English translation of the Gesta Romanorum, 572

Lying at Ladies' feet, an ancient custom, 466

Machiavellus, an unpublished Latin play, 163

Maiden, an instrument for beheading criminals, some account of it, 188

Maid Marian, her character in the morris dance described, 588

Maillard, Father, his sermons resemble those of the Methodists, 88

Majesty, when first used as a title by sovereigns, 319

Making the fig, explained, 302

Man, how expressed in the Chinese language, 415

Man in the moon, remarks on him, 9

Manuscript, account of a beautiful one, 471

Manus lasciva, 303

Maret, fool of Louis XIII., story of him, 505

Marian, derivation of this name, 588

Marie de France, a fable written by her, 525

Marigold, 219

Markham, Jervis, author of "a health to the gentlemanly profession of serving men", 207

Marshall, John, some account of him, 551

Mary, when this name first used, 589

Masks, 28

Masques, representations of ancient, 425

Matachins, dance of, 578

May-dew on fairy rings, superstition relating to it, 112

May games, 581, 584

—— —— censured by the Puritans, 595

May lady, 589

Measure for measure, remarks on the story of it, 94

—— —— ——, a story resembling its plot, 484

Medlars, some remarks on them, 186

Merchant of Venice, remarks on the story of it, 167

Merchant, particular application of this word in the time of Shakspeare, 429

Mill-sixpences, 33

Milton imitates Shakspeare, 113, 117, 130

Minstrels, some remarks on them, 216

Misletoe, ancient prejudice against the berries of it, 386

Moidor, its etymology, 309

Monarch of the North, a Devil invoked by witches, 315

Monkies, the ancient manner of retaining them, 335

Montfaucon, a mistake by him pointed out, 455

Moon, eclipse of, ideas of various nations concerning it, 18

Moon, how represented by the Chinese, 10, 243

—— —— —— by the Egyptians, 243

——, its moisture, 116

——, use of it among witches, 16

Mooncalf, 9

Morality, singular incident in one, 515

Moralizations, the practice of adding them to various works in former times, 522

Morris dance, characters of which it was composed, 586

—— ——, different sorts of it described, 581

—— ——, etymology of, 572

—— ——, French, 579

—— ——, music to a French one, 580

—— ——, origin of, 577

—— ——, representations of it described, 584

—— ——, when first introduced into England, 580

Morris dancers described, 601

Morton, Earl of, the manner of his execution, 188

Mother Bombie, 64

Mother Cole, some resemblance between her character and that of Falstaff, 276

Muffler, description of this article of female dress, 47

Muckle John, fool of Charles I., 502

Music, defence of it, against Lord Chesterfield and Mr. Steevens, 165

Naked man with shears, this emblem of the versatility of fashion not peculiar to the English, 106

Nashe, a story from his Lenten stuffe, 368

Needle-work, ancient, some account of it, 59

Neptune, converted into a mischievous fairy, 240

Nicholas, Saint, why the patron of scholars, 26

Nicholas's clerks, a name for highwaymen, 27

Nicneven, 237

Night-mare, charm against it, 126

Night spells, 127

Nine men's morris, an account of this game and of the origin of the term, 114

Norman drinking song, 447

North, monarch of the, a Devil so called, 315

Northbrooke, John, a puritanical writer in the manner of Stubbes, 135

Oberon, king of the fairies, 113

Occleve, indebted to the Gesta Romanorum for two of his stories, 552, 570

Occleve, supposed to have translated the Gesta Romanorum into English, 572

Odo de Ceriton, his tales and fables, 524

—— —— —— —— —— —— ——, specimens of them, 525

Orleans, duke of, account of his poems, 471

Ovid, his Metamorphoses moralized, 522

Pageant of the nine worthies, 149

—— of the sea, 154

Painters, their errors in costume, 490

Pandarus, an allusion to him, 311

Paradin's heroical devises, a book probably used by the author of Pericles, 392

Parke's Curtaine drawer of the world, a book of great merit, 116

——, William, quotations from his Curtaine drawer of the world, 360, 418

Partizan, a different weapon from the pike, 370

Passameasure, music to an old dance so called, 281

Patch, not the real name of a fool as commonly supposed, 158

Patenson, the fool of Sir Thomas More, 513

Paul's, St., cathedral, bills formerly stuck up there as now at the Royal Exchange, 101

Pavan, an ancient dance, 72

Peacock pie, 448

Pengelden, Rees, a Welsh fool, story of him, 503

Penmanship in the time of Elizabeth remarkably beautiful, 87

Pentapolis, account of, 388

Pericles, the story of this play examined, 398

Perseus and Andromeda, errors of artists in representing the story of it, 348

Perseus's horse, a critique on it, 347

Perspective glasses, 73

Pheasant pie, 448

Phrases, particular ones in the mouths of theatrical characters, 37

Врачи, которых раньше сопровождали слуги, чтобы носить их мечи, ib.

Picture of old Adam new apparelled, 226

Pillory, remarks on this mode of punishment, 90

——, several specimens of it represented, 91

Platting of horses' manes, a superstitious notion explained, 425

Players censured for their stage interpolations, 498

Poking-sticks, 220

Poor Tom, hints for dressing this character on the stage, 415

Preachers, account of ancient, 523

——, their custom of introducing stories into their sermons, 521

Proverbs, old ones explained, 506, 525

Provincial roses, account of, 467

Provost, the story of one, 87

Punch, Dr. Johnson mistaken in his opinion concerning the origin of this theatrical character, 469

Purgatory, allusions to it in Measure for measure, 82

Puritans burlesqued the music of the Papists, 218

Putscet, a deity of the Samogitæ, 239

Quail-fighting, remarks on, 367

Queen of Sheba, an ancient sign, explained, 61

Raoul le Fevre, account of his history of Troy, 354

Rapier, account of this weapon, 39

——, engraving of an old one, 279

Receipt to make men seem like horses, 484

Red, an emblem of courage, 156

Reels danced by witches, 370

Retainers, a sort of servants, 206

Reynard the fox, when this romance was composed, 526

Richard III., his deformity, 335

Riddles, their occasional introduction into ancient romances, 389

Riding the wild mare, a childish sport, 282

Rings interchanged on betrothing, 68

Ritson, Mr., a mistake by him corrected, 605

Rivets in armour, when closed up, 308

Robin Rush, the idiot fool of Lord Bussy Mansel, 504

Robinson, Richard, account of a work by him, 285

—— ——, prices of his dedications, 574

—— ——, some curious works by him specified, 573

Rome, pronunciation of this word in Shakspeare's time, 364

Romeo and Juliet, the original story of this play borrowed in part from a Greek romance, 436

Rosemary, a token of remembrance, 218

——, its use at funerals, 434

Roses of Provins, 467

Rowe, his edition of Shakspeare curious for the prints, 489

Ruffs, satirized in old prints, 220

Rushes, custom of strewing them in halls, &c., 294

Rush ring marriages, explained, 194

Sack, remarks on it, 256

Sackvile's Complaynt of the duke of Bvckingham, a poem ridiculed by Shakspeare, 281

Saint Helen's fire, a meteor, 3

Satyr's dance, 222

Scoloker, Antony, his Daiphantu, 465, 478

Seldom comes the better, explanation of this phrase, 333

Seven wise masters, the Gesta Romanorum indebted to it, 544, 547

Setebos, 7

Senile odium, of Stubbes, quoted, 129

Sexten, a fool belonging to Wolsey, 158

Shakspeare, his grammatical errors, 181

——, his correct knowledge of the ceremonies belonging to the Romish Church, 325

——, his metaphors often careless and confused, 338

——, ridiculed by Fletcher, 451, 452

——, the quarto editions of his plays full of typographical errors, 463

Sheriff's fool, 198

Shields in heraldry, conjectures on their origin, 477

Ship of fools, by Brandt, cited, 510

—— —— ——, English prose translation of it by Watson, 462

Shove-groat, an ancient game, 279

Шовел-борд, древняя игра, ib.

Shylock, what his stage dress should be, 155

Sidney, Sir Philip, reprobated the custom of introducing fools on the stage, 498

Sights, remarkable love for strange ones among the English, 9

Sir Isumbras, an incident in one of the stories in the Gesta Romanorum, borrowed from that romance, 543

Sleep, death's counterfeit, 232

Slide-groat, an ancient game, 279

Solomon's judgment, stories in imitation of it, 550

Somers, Will, portraits of him described, 336, 512

Somner, Mr., his erroneous opinion on wastel bread, 446

Songs, ancient, 385, 414, 433, 447, 474

Southern wind, destructive, 6

Spirits belonging to magicians, 5

Staff tipped with horn, explained, 109

Stag, his secretion of tears, 183

Stalking-horses, bulls, &c., 106

Stanihurst's Virgil, passages from it, 249

Stars on ancient medals, expressive of immortality, 397

Stone, a celebrated fool, 505

Stones, superstitions relating to them, 426, 453

Stothard, Mr., his painting of Chaucer's pilgrims, 490

Stowe, an error in his Annals pointed out, 290

——, engraving of an initial letter in his Survey of London, 81

Straparola, his novels quoted, 212

Strappado, a military torture explained, 263

Stumble at the threshold, explanation of this phrase, 331

Suicides how buried formerly, 476

Swan, the death-song of this bird mentioned in various authors, 161

Swan's Speculum mundi, cited for some lines in Shakspeare with variations, 428

Sword and buckler, remarks on their use, 259

Меч, использовавшийся как мост героями древнего рыцарства, ib.

——, swearing by it, 455

Swords, mottoes on them, 279

Symposii ænigmata, some account of the work so called, 399

Table books, description of those used in Shakspeare's time, 454

Tabor, an instrument used by fools, 61

Tabourot, the earliest writer on dancing, 579

Taming of the shrew, stories resembling that of the induction to this play, 211

—— —— —— ——, outline of the play itself in a Spanish work, 212

Tempest, whence the construction of this play was suggested, 4

Theobald defended against Warburton, 218

Thor's hammers, stones so called that were supposed to control the manes of the dead, 453

Thunderbolt, superstitions relating to it, 369

Time's fool, 273

Timon of Athens, his epitaph, 358

Toad, remarks on the supposed stone or jewel in its head, 181

Tollett, Mr., remarks on his curious painting on glass of a morris dance, 584

Tom Piper, a character in the morris dance, 595

Torch bearers at masques, account of, 424

Touchstone, his real character, 181

Trencher-scraping, 11

Tristan de Leonnois, a riddle from that romance, 389

Trinculo, how he should be dressed on the stage, 12, 18

Troilus and Cressida, the origin of their story examined, 352

Troth-plighting, 24

Троя, названия ее ворот заимствованы Шекспиром из «Recuyles» или «Разрушения Трои» Кэкстона, а не из Лидгейта, 346

——, the siege of it a frequent subject on old tapestry, 346

Trump, an ancient game at cards explained, 374

Tyrants in the old mysteries, great swearers, 85

Tyrian tapestry, explained, 204

Ucalegon, Dr. Bentley mistaken in his conception of that character, 277

Unities, neglected by the ancient theatrical writers, 296

Urchins' dance, 7

Urinals, the portraits of physicians anciently represented with them, 45

Usurers, some of their practices described, 459

Valentine, a palace so called at Turin, 472

Valentine and Orson, some editions of this romance specified, 462

Valentines, custom of choosing examined, 470

Vice of the old moralities, etymologically considered, 287

——, an ancient theatrical character, 500, 510

Virgil's gnat, some account of it, 548

Vow of the peacock, 290

Wandering knight, the name of a spiritual romance, 255

Warton, Mr., character of his History of English poetry, 519

Warburton, his hyper-criticisms, 217, 294

Wassel, the origin and meaning of this word, 441

Wastel bread, explained, 444

Watson, translated Valentine and Orson, and The ship of fools, 462

Watts, Mr., his erroneous account of wastel bread, 445

Wax tablets, some account of, 455

We three, picture of, 54

Whale to virginity, meaning of this phrase, 199

Whitney's emblems, probably used by the author of Pericles, 393

Wicliffe's bible, an invaluable monument of the English language, 251

Will the taborer, a Welsh fool, 504

Williames, a fool belonging to Wolsey, 158

Willow-garlands, the custom of wearing them explained, 104, 164

Wind, an image relating to it, 482

Wine, formerly made in England, 449

Winter's tale, character of it, 224

Wise woman, 60, 63

Wits, fittes and fancies, account of a book so called, 210

—— —— —— ——, a story from that work, 468

Wolsey, Cardinal, account of his fools, 158

—— ——, articles against him, 341

—— ——, improperly censured for placing a cardinal's hat on his coins, 343

—— ——, Shakspeare's allusion to a strumpet kept by him, 341

Ксенофонт Эфесский, написанный им роман, который, как предполагается, использовался автором истории Ромео и Джульетты, 436

——, Two of the incidents in his Ephesiacs occur in Cymbeline, 437

Yellow, an epithet applied to jealousy, 105

Yew, bows made of it, 245

——, connected with witchcraft, 244

——, почему сажали на церковных кладбищах, ib.

Younger brothers, their servile degradation in former times, 208

Zimimar, monarch of the North, a Devil invoked by witches, 315

ГЛОССАРНЫЙ УКАЗАТЕЛЬ.

A. СТР.

Abstract, 372

Addrest, 121

Ajaxes, 151

Anon, 263

Apron, 316

Aqua-vitæ, 42

Argosies, 152

Aroint, 228

Aspect, 225

Assinego, 349

Aunt, 113

Barnacles, 14

Bases, 391

Basilisk, 261

Bate, 269

Beadsman, 20

Beaver, 269

Become, 28

Bewray, 329

Blue-bottle, 293

Boggy-bo, 202

Boil, 411

Bombast, 151

Bo-peep, 404

Boots, 21

Bout, 143

Brake, 118

Brands, 377

Bras, 310

Breech'd, 232

Brown-paper commodities, 87

Bugs, 202

Bully-rook, 36

Burn'd, 412

Buss, 248

But, 205

Buz, 456

Canary, 45

Candle-holder, 424

Canon, 439

Cantle, 266

Careires, 34

Carouse, 441

Carry coals, 423

Cast, 187

Cat-a-mountain, 41

Caviare, 460

Chace, 298

Charming, 383

Chopine, 457

Cheer, 119

Child of fancy, 130

Christom, 299

City-ward, 44

Clamour, 221

Cleft, 31

Cock and Pye, 290

Cockney, 407

Codpiece, 412

Complete, 450

Concent, 313

Conclusion, 389

Consented, 313

Constant, 162

Corinthian, 262

Corporal, 141

Corrosive, 324

Coted, 141

Countercheck, 248

Counterfeit, 162

Crack'd within the ring, 459

Cruzado, 481

Cry'd game, 105

Culverin, 261

Curry, 291

Curst and brief, 62

Curtail, 38

Curtal, 197

Cypress, 56

Dark-room, 64, 67

Damn'd, 466

Daughters of the game, 351

Day-woman, 133

Dictynna, 140

Diet, 357

Discreet, 282

Dissembling, 333

Dog-apes, 184

Domineer, 205

Draw Dun from the mire, 425

Drawn fox, 267

Driveling, 429

Ducdamé, 184

Duff, 232

Dusty, 246

Eager, 454

E'er, 1, 250

Eleven and twenty, 209

Elves, 15

Embowel'd, 274

Endenes, 217

Enemy, 62, 80

Erinnys, 254

Estridge, 373

Estridges, 268

Extravagant, 439

Eyas-musket, 46

Fall, 77

Fast, 452

Fear, 202

Figo, 302

Filed, 143

Fine's a crown, 202

Flap-dragons, 281

Flaw, 411

Flourish, 86

Forfeits, 93

Forked, 415

Free, 56

Fret, 468

Fulsome, 155

Gadding, 434

Gaze, 165

Geck, 74

Gentle, 214

Gib-cat, 256

Gilded tombs, 160

Gird, 315

Gis, 475

Gleek, 118, 435

Good b'ye, 385

God-dig-you-den, 139

Gongarian, 36

Good-den, 247

Grace, 319

Green-sour, 16

Griping, 435

Guerdon, 137

Hallidom, 28

Handy-dandy, 417

Ha no nonny, 414

Have at you, 340

Hebenon, 453

Henchman, 116

Hiren, 278

Hoodman, 198

Horned, 121

Horse's health, 415

Hunt's up, 432

Jack, 336

Idle, 480

Imbrocato, 144

Imp, 131

Impertinency, 418

Impeticos, 55

Inhibit, 234

Inhoop'd, 367

Intergatory, 166

Insculp, 159

John Drum's entertainment, 198

Keeps, 76

Kirtle, 282

Lavatch, 200

Lavolta, 300

Lead apes in hell, 203

Leman, 49

Lender's books, 413

Libya, 223

Light o'love, 108

Likes, 27

Lion-gait, 299

Lover, 77

Lozel, 215

Lubber the world, 66

Lullaby, 383

Lush, 8, 117

Lustyhood, 108

Lusty young men, 424

Macduff, 232

Majesty, 319

Master of fence, 35

Mate, 201

Meiny, 407

Merely, 1

Milch, 461

Mince, 50

Mind of love, 160

Model, 252

Mome, 225

Momentany, 111

Monarcho, 140

Month's mind, 24

Morisco, 321

Mumbudget, 50

Mysteries, 339

Naples, 363

Nice, 372

Night-rule, 119

Nott-pated, 263

Novum, 149

'Od's pitikins, 381

Ostent, 372

Ourselves, 234

Paddock, 227

Pandar, 350

Parlous, 334

Passes, 49

Passy-measure, 72

Patch, 158

Pavin, 72

Paucas palabris, 201

Peacock, 467

Perspective, 73

Picked, 477

Pick-thanks, 266

Pillicock, 413

Pipe-wine, 45

Pittie-ward, 44

Point-device, 57

Pompæ, 392

Possess'd, 86

Prattlings, 462

Preserved, 79

Prince of the world, 200

Prone, 76

'Proof, 210

Prouder, 251

Provincial roses, 467

Pur, 200

Purveyor, 230

Pygmalion's images, 85

Quail, 183

Quaint, 5

Quarrel, 112, 227

Quarry, 227, 245

Quart d'ecu, 199

Quests, 86

Quillets, 142

Quinquenove, 149

Ragozine, 89, 153

Ranged, 367

Recorder, 31, 467

Red-lattice, 42

Reels, 370

Resolved, 85

Rest, 250

Roister, 441

Ropery, 429

Rope-tricks, 430

Rouse, 441

Rowel-head, 277

Ruddock, 380

Rule, 119

Runaway's eyes, 431

Sadness, 330

Sack and sugar, 256

Saint George to borrow, 337

Saint George to thrive, 338

Sallet, 328

Sans, 185, 486

Scape, 249

Sere, 456

Silver-sweet, 428

Sirrah, 258

Skains-mates, 430

Sop o' the moonshine, 405

Sorts, 297

Square, 112

Stale, 201

Statue, 30

Sticking-place, 231

Stoccado, 144

Straight, 475

Strain, 37

Stronds, 254

Sufficiency, 75

Swelling heavens, 266

Take the head, 253

Tawny Spain, 130

Tester, 23

Though, 437

Three-hoop'd, 327

Three-men songs, 218

Three-pil'd, 147

Throstle, 154

Tib, 397

Tib and Tom, 196

Timely-parted, 321

Tirra-lirra, 217

To borrow, 338

To boot, 337

Tongue, 266

Triumviry, 141

Troll, 12

Twangling Jack, 204

Turlygood, 406

Unhack'd, 65

Unpitied, 87

Urchins, 6, 9

Usance, 156

Usher, 371

Vailing, 147

Venew, 143

Very, 27

Vice, 469

Vile, 51

Visor, 270

Waxen, 297

Whiffler, 311

Wimpled, 137

Winchester goose, 352

Winter-ground, 380

Wooden pricks, 405

Woe-begone, 277

Wrest, 350

Yorick, 477

КОНЕЦ.

ОТПЕЧАТАНО РИЧАРДОМ КИНДЕРОМ, ГРИН-АРБОР-КОРТ, ОЛД-БЕЙЛИ.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ ПЕРЕПИСЧИКА

Добавлено оглавление.

Добавлена привязка для сноски на стр. 511.

Молчаливо исправлены простые орфографические, грамматические и типографские ошибки.

Сохранены анахроничные и нестандартные написания, как в оригинале.

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Illustrations of Shakspeare, and of Ancient Manners, by Francis Douce.