ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕПИСКА АМЕРИКАНСКОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ. ТОМ IV
ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕПИСКА АМЕРИКАНСКОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ;
ПРЕДСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ СОБОЙ
ПИСЬМА БЕНДЖАМИНА ФРАНКЛИНА, САЙЛАСА ДИНА, ДЖОНА АДАМСА, ДЖОНА ДЖЕЯ, АРТУРА ЛИ, УИЛЬЯМА ЛИ, РАЛЬФА АЙЗАРДА, ФРЭНСИСА ДАНЫ, УИЛЬЯМА КАРМАЙКЛА, ГЕНРИ ЛОРЕНСА, ДЖОНА ЛОРЕНСА, М. ДЕ ЛАФАЙЕТА, М. ДЮМА И ДРУГИХ, КАСАЮЩИЕСЯ ВНЕШНИХ СНОШЕНИЙ СОЕДИНЕННЫХ ШТАТОВ В ТЕЧЕНИЕ ВСЕЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ;
ВМЕСТЕ С
ОТВЕТНЫМИ ПИСЬМАМИ ТАЙНОГО КОМИТЕТА КОНГРЕССА И СЕКРЕТАРЯ ПО ИНОСТРАННЫМ ДЕЛАМ.
А ТАКЖЕ
ПОЛНАЯ ПЕРЕПИСКА ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ МИНИСТРОВ, ЖЕРАРА И ЛЮСЕРНА, С КОНГРЕССОМ.
Опубликовано под руководством Президента Соединенных Штатов с подлинных рукописей Государственного департамента в соответствии с резолюцией Конгресса от 27 марта 1818 года.
ПОД РЕДАКЦИЕЙ
ДЖАРЕДА СПАРКСА.
ТОМ IV.
БОСТОН:
НАТАН ХЕЙЛ И ГРЕЙ И БОУЭН; Г. И К. И Х. КАРВИЛЛ, НЬЮ-ЙОРК; П. ТОМПСОН, ВАШИНГТОН. 1829.
ПАРАТНАЯ ТИПОГРАФИЯ ХЕЙЛА. № 6 Саффолк-билдингс, Конгресс-стрит, Бостон.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ТОМА.
ПЕРЕПИСКА БЕНДЖАМИНА ФРАНКЛИНА, ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ.
Page. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, August 23d, 1782,3 Expresses a wish to promote the commerce between France and America. Thomas Townshend to Richard Oswald. Whitehall, September 1st, 1782,4 The King is ready to treat with the Commissioners on the footing of unconditional independence. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Sept. 3d, 1782,4 Allowance made to his grandson for various public services.—Submits his own account to the disposal of Congress.—Encloses letters (inserted in the note) from Mr Jay and Mr Laurens, expressing their regard for his grandson. To John Jay. Passy, September 4th, 1782,9 Mr Oswald's courier arrives, with directions to acknowledge the independence of America. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, September 5th, 1782,10 Complains of want of information from Europe.—Movements of the British troops in the south.—Importance of the West India trade to the United States.—Right of the States to cut logwood. Richard Oswald to B. Franklin. Paris, September 5th, 1782,15 Enclosing an extract from a letter of the Secretary of State, regarding the negotiation. To Richard Oswald. Passy, Sept. 8th, 1782,15 Requesting a copy of the fourth article of his instructions, given in the note. To Earl Grantham. Passy, Sept. 11th, 1782,16 Prospect of peace. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, September 12th, 1782,17 Presenting Mr Paine's work addressed to the Abbé Raynal. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, September 12th, 1782,18 Necessity of further supplies of money. To David Hartley. Passy, September 17th, 1782,18 The preliminaries formerly received, inadmissible. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, September 18th, 1782,19 Congress declines accepting Mr Laurens's resignation; alters Dr Franklin's powers. Mr Secretary Townshend to Richard Oswald. Whitehall, September 20th, 1782,20 The commission passing with the change proposed by the American Commissioners. Richard Oswald to B. Franklin. Paris, September 24th, 1782,21 Transmitting a copy of Mr Townshend's letter to himself. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, September 25th, 1782,21 Aspect of affairs dubious. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Sept. 26th, 1782,22 Reply to his complaints of want of information.—Delays of the negotiation. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, October 3d, 1782,23 Granting the exequatur empowering the United States' Consul to act in France. David Hartley to B. Franklin. Bath, Oct. 4th, 1782,24 Sends a proposition for a temporary commercial convention.—The dissolution of the union of the States apprehended. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Oct. 14th, 1782,25 Progress of the negotiation.—Acknowledges the receipt of Ministers' salaries. To John Adams. Passy, Oct. 15th, 1782,28 Delay in the negotiations. From T. Townshend to B. Franklin. Whitehall, October 23d, 1782,29 Introducing Mr Strachey. To Thomas Townshend. Passy, Nov. 4th, 1782,30 Regrets the obstructions to the negotiations. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Nov. 7th, 1782,31 Introducing the Baron de Kermelin. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, November 9th, 1782,31 Sweden proposes to acknowledge the independence of the United States.—Advantage of obtaining an acknowledgment from the States of Barbary.—Difficulties in the exchange of prisoners.—Affair of Lippincott.—Mr Boudinot elected President. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, November 21st, 1782,34 Mr Jefferson added to the commission.—Mr Burgess, an English merchant, not permitted to settle in Boston. To Richard Oswald. Passy, Nov. 26th, 1782,36 Indemnification of American royalists.—Resolutions of Congress on the subject.—Act of the Pennsylvania assembly for procuring an estimate of the damages committed by the British.—Characters of the royalists.—Inexpediency of discussing the measure. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, November 27th, 1782,44 Messrs Lamarque and Fabru. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Nov. 29th, 1782,45 The preliminary articles of peace between England and the United States agreed on. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, December 3d, 1782,45 To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Dec. 4th, 1782,46 Encloses a copy of the preliminary articles.—Those between England and the other powers not signed.—No definitive treaty will be signed till all are agreed. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Dec. 5th, 1782,46 Difficulties of conveying information to America.—Has asked for further supplies from France.—History of the negotiations.—The principal preliminaries between France and England agreed to.—Proceedings in regard to Sweden. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Dec. 15th, 1782,54 Informing him that a passport has been received from England for the Washington. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, December, 15th, 1782,55 Expresses his astonishment at the despatching of the Washington.—Complains that the preliminaries have been concluded without any communication with France. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Dec. 17th, 1782,56 Causes of the sailing of the Washington.—No peace will take place between England and America without the concurrence of France. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Dec. 24th, 1782,58 The Swedish Ambassador exchanges full powers with Dr Franklin. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, January 2d, 1783,60 Enclosing various resolutions of Congress.—Regrets the departure of the French fleet.—Financial distresses of America. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, January 6th, 1783,62 Financial distress.—Subjects of negotiation.—Contingent expenses of foreign Ministers. To Richard Oswald. Passy, January 14th, 1783,66 Enclosing propositions for abolishing privateering. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, January 18th, 1783,69 Desiring a conference with the Commissioners. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Jan. 18th, 1783,70 Promising to be present at the conference. Benjamin Vaughan to B. Franklin. Paris, January 18th, 1783,70 Pressing him to be at Versailles the next day.—State of England. To John Adams. Passy, January 19th, 1783,72 Acquainting him with Vergennes's desire for a conference. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, Jan. 21st, 1783,72 Preliminaries signed between France, Spain, and England. John Jay to B. Franklin. Paris, Jan. 26th, 1783,73 Dr Franklin's grandson appointed Secretary to the commission without being solicited by him. From M, Rosencrone, Minister of Foreign Affairs in Denmark, to M. de Walterstorff. Copenhagen, February 22d, 1783,74 Directing him to learn Dr Franklin's views in regard to a treaty of commerce between Denmark and the United States. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, March 7th, 1783,76 Treaty with Sweden signed.—The English Ministry changed. David Hartley to B. Franklin. London, March 12th, 1783,76 Enclosing conciliatory propositions, and a sketch of a provisional treaty of commerce.—Changes in the Ministry. To David Hartley. Passy, March 23d, 1783,83 Expresses a desire for a reconciliation. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, March 26th, 1783,84 Regrets that the Commissioners should find it necessary to conceal anything from France; and that the commercial article is struck out.—The attempts to inflame the army.—Remits bills for the salaries of the Ministers. From the city of Hamburg to Congress. March 29th, 1783,88 Proposing the establishment of commercial connexions. David Hartley to B. Franklin. London, March 31st, 1783,91 Enclosing Supplemental Treaty between Great Britain and the United States of North America, separate article to be referred to the Definitive Treaty, and paper mentioned in the close of Mr Hartley's letter. M. Salva to B. Franklin. Algiers, April 1st, 1783,95 Informing him of an attempt by the Algerines to seize American vessels. To the Grand Master of Malta. Passy, April 6th, 1783,96 Requesting protection for Americans in the ports of Malta. To M. Rosencrone. Passy, April 13th, 1783,97 Relative to a treaty between Denmark and the United States.—Asks reparation for the seizure of American prizes in the Danish ports. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, April 15th, 1783,98 Proposals of Denmark.—Delay in the negotiation of the Definitive Treaty.—Mr Hartley substituted in the room of Mr Oswald.—Propositions for the renewal of the commerce between England and the United States.—Receives applications of persons wishing to emigrate to America.—Financial embarrassments of France. Charles J. Fox to B. Franklin. St James's, April 19th, 1783,104 Introducing Mr Hartley.—Expresses a desire to effect a reconciliation of the two nations. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, April 27th, 1783,104 Introducing the Count del Veome. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, May 5th, 1783,105 Acknowledges the receipt of a copy of the three articles discussed by the Commissioners and Mr Hartley.—Complains of the infrequent appearance of the Commissioners at Court. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, May 5th, 1783,105 The Commissioners prevented by sickness from appearing at Court. To David Hartley. Passy, May 8th, 1783,106 Desires the abolition of privateering. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, May 9th, 1783,107 Infringements of the Provisional Treaty by the British.—Arrival of vessels in the American ports. Robert R. Livingston to B. Franklin. Philadelphia, May 31st, 1783,109 Determination of the Court of Appeals in case of the Portuguese vessel.—Recommends the demands on Denmark to be urged. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, June 12th, 1783,110 The ratification of the treaty with Sweden received.—Treaty with Denmark going on.—Portugal proposes to treat.—Delay of the Definitive Treaty with England.—Dr Bancroft. The Ambassador from Sweden to B. Franklin. Paris, June 13th, 1783,112 Requesting that Mr W. T. Franklin may be sent to the Swedish Court. From the Grand Master of Malta to B. Franklin. Malta, June 21st, 1783, 112 Promising protection to Americans in the ports of Malta. To Henry Laurens. Passy, July 6th, 1783,113 Delays of the negotiations.—Mr Laurens's presence necessary. From M. Rosencrone, Minister of Denmark, to B. Franklin. Copenhagen, July 8th, 1783,114 Enclosing a Counter Project of a Treaty between the United States and Denmark. Explanation of the Counter Project of a Treaty of Amity and Commerce received from Denmark,130 Giacomo F. Crocco to B. Franklin. Cadiz, July 15th, 1783,135 Informing him that the Emperor of Morocco is ready to enter into a treaty with the United States. To Robert R. Livingston. Passy, July 22d, 1783,136 Justifies the signature of the Provisional Treaty without communicating to the French Court.—Expresses his confidence in France.—Contrary opinion of one of his colleagues.—Reason for striking a commercial article out of the preliminaries proposed.—Advantages of free trade.—Moderation of France.—The Ambassador of Portugal desires to form a treaty with the United States.—Correspondence with the Danish Minister.—Inclination of Saxony and Prussia to engage in the American commerce.—Affair of the Bon Homme Richard.—Recommends his grandson for the diplomatic service.—General desire of the European powers to engage in commerce with the United States.—The American constitutions translated into French, produce a favorable effect.—Dangers from the Barbary powers.—Kindness of Mr Wren to the American prisoners near Portsmouth. Plan of a Treaty with Portugal,150 Enclosed in the preceding. From the Pope's Nuncio to B. Franklin,158 Proposing the appointment of an Apostolical Vicar Bishop in the United States. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Aug. 16th, 1783,159 The English Ministry reject the propositions of the Commissioners and of their own Ministers.—Propose the preliminaries slightly changed as a definitive treaty.—The other Commissioners are inclined to sign this. M. de Rayneval to B. Franklin. Versailles, August 29th, 1783,160 Count de Vergennes consents to the signing the treaty at Paris instead of Versailles. To the President of Congress. Passy, August 31st, 1783,161 The English Ministry have agreed to sign the articles formerly proposed as a definitive treaty. To David Hartley. Passy, September 6th, 1783,161 Expresses his esteem for Mr Fox.—Intelligence of the American people.—Their misunderstandings much exaggerated.—Complains of the delay in evacuating New York. To John Jay. Passy, September 10th, 1783,163 Quotes a letter from America, which accuses him of favoring France, in her opposition to granting the fishery, and the whole territory demanded by the Americans.—Appeals to Mr Jay for the falsehood of the assertion. John Jay to B. Franklin. Passy, Sept, 11th, 1783,164 Dr Franklin agreed and acted with the other Commissioners respecting the boundaries and fisheries.—On former occasions he had also maintained the same claims on these points. John Adams to B. Franklin. Passy, September 13th, 1783,165 Dr Franklin agreed with the other Commissioners in the management of the negotiation. To the President of Congress. Passy, September 13th, 1783,166 Relations with Morocco; with Portugal.—False reports of disunion, &c. in the United States injurious to the American cause.—Count de Vergennes refuses to sign the Definitive Treaty with England before that between England and the United States was signed. To Lewis R. Morris. Passy, Sept. 14th, 1783,169 Relative to accounts. David Hartley to B. Franklin. Bath, September 24th, 1783,170 Expects to receive instructions for a convention on the basis, that American ships shall not bring foreign manufactures into Great Britain, nor trade directly between the West Indies and Great Britain. To the President of Congress. Passy, September 27th, 1783,171 Encloses a copy of the Definitive Treaty.—Expects Mr Hartley to negotiate a treaty of commerce. To David Hartley. Passy, October 16th, 1783,172 Advantages of a perpetual peace between England, France, and America. To David Hartley. Passy, October 22d, 1783,173 Reports of the divisions in America unfounded. To the President of Congress. Passy, November 1st, 1783,173 Financial difficulties of France; failure of payment by the Caisse d'Escompte.—Relations with Sweden, Denmark, and Portugal.—Claims of Du Calvet for supplies to the army in Canada. Giacomo Francisco Crocco to B. Franklin. Cadiz, November 25th, 1783,176 Informs Dr Franklin that he is appointed by the Emperor of Morocco to conduct to that Court the Minister of the United States.—Demands $1500 for his expenses to Paris. To William Carmichael. Passy, Dec. 15th, 1783,177 Accounts of the proceedings and demands of M. Crocco. To Giacomo Francisco Crocco. Passy, December 15th, 1783,179 Mr Jay is the suitable person for M. Crocco's application. To the President of Congress. Passy, December 25th, 1783,180 Mr Hartley refuses to go to Versailles to sign the Definitive Treaty.—Ill will of the British Court towards America.—Has the American constitutions translated in French, which produce a favorable impression.—Relations with Denmark, Portugal, Morocco, and Germany.—The expense of Commodore Jones's expedition paid entirely by the King of France. To Robert Morris. Passy, Dec. 25th, 1783,187 Unreasonableness of the complaints against taxes.—Property is the creature of society.—Lafayette has conferences with the Ministers, relative to the new commercial regulations. To the President of Congress. Passy, December 26th, 1783,188 Recommends Mr Hodgson as Consul in London. David Hartley to B. Franklin. London, March 2d, 1784,189 Promises to apply for the despatch of the ratification of the treaty by Great Britain, on the arrival of that by Congress. To Charles Thompson. Passy, March 9th, 1784,190 Ratifications exchanged with Sweden.—Receives numerous applications from persons wishing to settle in the United States. To the President of Congress. Passy, May 12th, 1784,191 Mr Hartley arrives to exchange ratifications of the Definitive Treaty.—Proclamation relative to American commerce with the British colonies.—Proposed regulations of the commerce with the French colonies. David Hartley to B. Franklin. Paris, June 1st, 1784,192 Defects of form in the ratification of the treaty by Congress. To David Hartley. Passy, June 2d, 1784,193 Answers to the objections made in the preceding letter. To the President of Congress. Passy, June 16th, 1784,196 Symptoms of resentment against America on the part of Great Britain. Consular Convention,198 Consular convention between France and the United States. To Count de Mercy Argenteau. Passy, July 30th, 1784,208 Dr Franklin, Mr Jefferson, and Mr Adams are appointed to negotiate a treaty of commerce with the empire. Count de Mercy Argenteau to B. Franklin. Paris, July 30th, 1784,209 Assures Dr Franklin of the disposition of the Emperor to form commercial connexions with the United States. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, August 27th, 1784,210 Requesting a declaration, in an official form, that Congress will in no case treat any nation more favorably than France in commercial privileges. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, Sept. 3d, 1784,210 Transmits a Resolution of Congress, declaring that no people shall be placed on more advantageous ground in the commerce with the United States than the French subjects. Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, September 9th, 1784,211 Expresses the satisfaction of the King with the resolution of Congress, contained in the preceding letter.—The United States shall enjoy a complete reciprocity in France. Count de Mercy Argenteau to B. Franklin. Paris, September 28th, 1784,211 The Emperor has agreed to the propositions of Congress concerning commercial regulations between the two powers. To Charles Thompson. Passy, October 16th, 1784,212 The Commissioners have made propositions of treating to all the European powers. To Charles Thompson. Passy, Nov. 11th, 1784,213 To the President of Congress. Passy, February 8th, 1785,213 Receives the Resolve of Congress, respecting the Consular convention, too late to suspend the signing. To the President of Congress. Passy, April 12th, 1785,214 Introducing M. de Chaumont, the younger. To Count de Vergennes. Passy, May 3d, 1785,215 Informs him that he has received permission to return to America. M. de Rayneval to B. Franklin. Versailles, May 8th, 1785,216 Regrets to hear of his approaching departure from France. To John Jay, Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Passy, May 10th, 1785,216 Prepares for his return to America. To Charles Thompson. Passy, May 10th, 1785,217 Count de Vergennes to B. Franklin. Versailles, May 22d, 1785,217 Regrets his intended departure for the United States.—Assures him of the esteem of the King. To Thomas Barclay. Passy, June 19th, 1785,218 Relative to his charges for salary as Minister Plenipotentiary. M. de Castries to B. Franklin. Versailles, July 10th, 1785,220 Would have ordered a frigate for Dr Franklin, had he sooner known of his intention of leaving France. To John Jay, Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Philadelphia, September 19th, 1785,220 Informs him of his arrival in the United States.—Signs a treaty of commerce and friendship with Prussia before leaving Europe. To Mr Grand, banker at Paris. Philadelphia, July 11, 1786,222 Requests information concerning the gift of three millions of livres from the King, of which only two millions appear in the accounts. M. Durival to Mr Grand. Versailles, August 30th, 1786,223 The King's gift amounted to three millions, independently of the million advanced to the United States by the Farmers-General. M. Durival to Mr Grand. Versailles, September 5th, 1786,224 Declines communicating to him the receipt taken for the first million advanced by the King, June 10th, 1776. Mr Grand to B. Franklin. Paris, Sept. 9th, 1786,224 States that he received only three millions; the first million having been advanced previous to his appointment. M. Durival to Mr Grand. Versailles, September 10th, 1786,225 The Minister still persists in declining to communicate the receipt for the first million to Mr Grand. Mr Grand to B. Franklin. Paris, Sept. 12th, 1786,226 Professes himself unable to discover who received the first million. To Charles Thompson. Philadelphia, January 27th, 1787,226 Conjectures that the million advanced June 10th, 1776, must have been delivered to Beaumarchais. To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, November 29th, 1788,228 Requesting the settlement of his accounts, which have been three years before Congress, it having been asserted in the newspapers that he is indebted to the United States.