«Законодательное руководство штата Колорадо (1877)»

20. Любые два члена Палаты могут потребовать созыва Палаты и отправки за отсутствующими членами, но созыв Палаты не может быть произведен после начала голосования; после того как созыв Палаты объявлен и отсутствующие отмечены, двери закрываются, и ни одному члену не разрешается покидать помещение до получения отчета Сержанта-пристава и принятия по нему мер, либо до приостановки дальнейших действий по созыву голосованием двух третей членов Палаты.

21. Когда вопрос находится на обсуждении, не принимаются никакие предложения, кроме предложений об отсрочке, отложении на стол, о предыдущем вопросе, отсрочке на неопределенный срок, отсрочке до определенного дня, передаче в комитет или внесении поправок, которые имеют приоритет в указанном порядке.

22. Предложение об отсрочке всегда является процедурным, кроме случаев, когда член Палаты обращается к председательствующему или идет голосование; при условии, что если предложение было внесено и отклонено, оно считается решенным до тех пор, пока перед Палатой не возникнет другое предложение или дело. Предложения об отсрочке и отложении на стол решаются без прений.

23. При закрытии заседания Палаты члены должны оставаться на своих местах до тех пор, пока Спикер не объявит о закрытии.

24. Распоряжения на конкретный день сохраняют силу для каждого последующего дня до их выполнения.

25. Все вопросы, как в комитете, так и в Палате, ставятся на голосование в порядке их внесения, за исключением привилегированных вопросов; при заполнении пропусков сначала ставится вопрос о наибольшей сумме и самом длительном сроке.

26. Поименное голосование назначается по требованию любого члена, и все результаты поименного голосования вносятся в журнал.

27. Петиции, меморандумы и другие документы, адресованные Палате, представляются Спикером или членом Палаты с его места.

ЗАКОНОПРОЕКТЫ И РЕЗОЛЮЦИИ.

28. Каждый законопроект вносится путем подачи ходатайства о разрешении на внесение или на основании отчета комитета.

29. На каждом законопроекте и резолюции должно быть указано имя лица, вносящего их; если они внесены по распоряжению комитета, на них должно быть проставлено название данного комитета.

30. Каждый законопроект должен быть зачитан полностью в течение трех разных дней в Палате; все существенные поправки к нему должны быть напечатаны для использования членами Палаты до проведения окончательного голосования по законопроекту; законопроект не может быть принят иначе как большинством голосов всех избранных членов Палаты, и только при условии, что при окончательном принятии голосование проводится поименно, а имена проголосовавших вносятся в журнал. — Конст.

31. Ни один законопроект не может быть передан в комитет или изменен, если он не был прочитан дважды. Ни одна совместная резолюция не считается принятой, если за нее не проголосовало большинство всех избранных членов Палаты.

32. Ни один законопроект не может быть рассмотрен или стать законом, если он не был передан в комитет, возвращен оттуда и напечатан для использования членами Палаты. — Конст.

33. Ни один законопроект, за исключением общих законопроектов об ассигнованиях, не может быть принят, если он содержит более одного предмета, который должен быть четко выражен в его названии. — Конст.

34. Все законопроекты печатаются немедленно после первого чтения, если Палатой не постановлено иное.

35. Все законопроекты после второго чтения помещаются в файл для рассмотрения Комитетом всего состава, если Палатой не отдано специальное распоряжение.

36. Один и тот же законопроект не может выделять государственные средства или имущество на более чем одну местную или частную цель; законопроекты, выделяющие средства на оплату труда должностных лиц Правительства, ограничиваются исключительно этой целью.

37. Во всех случаях, когда законопроект, распоряжение, резолюция или предложение вносятся в журнал Палаты, имя члена Палаты, внесшего их, также вносится в журнал.

38. Аналогичный порядок рассмотрения соблюдается в отношении законопроектов, возникших в Сенате, как и в отношении законопроектов, возникших в Палате.

39. Все меморандумы и совместные резолюции при их внесении зачитываются по названию и откладываются на стол до момента их печати, если только путем приостановки действия этого правила Палата не решит иначе.

40. Каждое распоряжение или резолюция, для которых необходимо согласие Сената, если Палатой не постановлено иное, зачитываются в Палате и откладываются на стол за день до принятия по ним мер.

КОМИТЕТ ВСЕГО СОСТАВА.

41. Когда Палата переходит к общему порядку дня, она переходит в Комитет всего состава для рассмотрения таких вопросов или конкретного вопроса, назначенного голосованием Палаты; никакие другие дела не рассматриваются до тех пор, пока все вопросы не будут рассмотрены и приняты, либо комитет не завершит работу; если не отдано распоряжение о рассмотрении конкретного законопроекта, Комитет всего состава рассматривает, принимает меры или принимает общие вопросы в порядке их передачи.

42. При формировании Комитета всего состава Палаты Спикер назначает председателя для ведения заседания.

43. Законопроекты, переданные в Комитет всего состава Палаты, зачитываются и рассматриваются по пунктам, при этом преамбула рассматривается в последнюю очередь. Все поправки вносятся на отдельный лист бумаги и докладываются Палате председателем, стоящим на своем месте.

44. Правила Палаты соблюдаются в Комитете всего состава Палаты в той мере, в какой они применимы, за исключением того, что поименное голосование не проводится и предыдущий вопрос не применяется.

45. Предложение о том, чтобы комитет завершил работу, всегда является процедурным и всегда решается без прений.

ПЕРЕСМОТР РЕШЕНИЙ.

46. Никакое предложение о пересмотре не является процедурным, если оно не внесено в тот же день или на следующий день после принятия решения, предлагаемого к пересмотру, и если оно не внесено одним из членов, голосовавших «за». Предложение о пересмотре, поставленное на голосование и отклоненное (за исключением случаев привилегированных предложений), не может быть возобновлено в тот же день, также никакой вопрос не может быть пересмотрен во второй раз в тот же день без единогласного согласия.

47. Когда членом Палаты дается уведомление о намерении внести предложение о пересмотре любого законопроекта или совместной резолюции, Секретарь удерживает указанный законопроект или совместную резолюцию до истечения времени, в течение которого может быть внесено такое предложение, если только вопрос не был решен ранее.

48. Член Палаты, проголосовавший на стороне вопроса, который был принят и для утверждения которого требовалось две трети присутствующих членов, может внести предложение о пересмотре, и предложение о пересмотре решается большинством голосов.

ПРЕДЫДУЩИЙ ВОПРОС.

49. Предыдущий вопрос ставится в следующей форме: «Должен ли основной вопрос быть поставлен на голосование сейчас?» Он рассматривается только по требованию большинства присутствующих членов, и его действие заключается в прекращении всех прений и переходе Палаты к прямому голосованию по поправкам, представленным комитетом (если таковые имеются), по находящимся на рассмотрении поправкам, а затем по основному вопросу. При внесении предложения о предыдущем вопросе и до его поддержки допускается требование о созыве Палаты; но после того, как большинство поддержит такое предложение, требование о созыве не допускается до принятия решения по основному вопросу.

50. Если решение по предыдущему вопросу принято в отрицательной форме, основной вопрос остается на обсуждении.

51. Все случайные вопросы о порядке, возникающие после внесения предложения о предыдущем вопросе, во время рассмотрения такого предложения или после того, как Палата определила, что основной вопрос должен быть поставлен на голосование сейчас, решаются, будь то путем апелляции или иным образом, без прений.

ДОПУСК В ЗАЛ ЗАСЕДАНИЙ.

52. Никто не допускается за перила Палаты, кроме Исполнительной власти, бывших Губернаторов, членов Сената, руководителей департаментов Правительства штата, судей Верховного суда, бывших членов Легислатуры, представителей прессы, дам и других лиц, которых Палата может время от времени определять; при условии, однако, что любой член Палаты может пригласить одного посетителя на место в зале заседаний Палаты.

КОМИТЕТЫ.

53. Следующие постоянные комитеты в составе пяти членов каждый назначаются в начале сессии, если не постановлено иное:

1. Финансов, путей сообщения и средств. 2. Судебный. 3. Образования. 4. Шахт и горного дела. 5. Сельского хозяйства. 6. Ирригации. 7. Животноводства. 8. Выборов и распределения мест. 9. Промышленности. 10. Иммиграции. 11. Корпораций. 12. Государственных земель. 13. Сборов и жалования. 14. Государственных учреждений. 15. Округов и границ округов. 16. Дел индейцев. 17. Военных дел. 18. Дорог и мостов. 19. Общественных зданий. 20. Федеральных отношений. 21. Претензий. 22. Печати. 23. Ассигнований и расходов.

И следующие постоянные комитеты в составе трех членов каждый:

Комитет по окончательному оформлению законопроектов. Комитет по регистрации.

54. Комитет по окончательному оформлению законопроектов должен проверять все законопроекты после их окончательного оформления и до третьего чтения, и докладывать Палате об их правильном оформлении. Комитет по регистрации должен проверять все законопроекты и докладывать Палате об их правильной регистрации. Данный комитет может представлять отчет в любое время.

55. Специальные комитеты, которым передаются вопросы, во всех случаях должны докладывать Палате о фактическом положении дел и своем мнении по ним.

ПРАВИЛА.

56. Правила парламентской процедуры, содержащиеся в «Руководстве» Кушинга, регулируют работу Палаты во всех случаях, когда они применимы и не противоречат постоянным правилам и порядкам Палаты, а также совместным правилам Сената и Палаты представителей.

57. Ни одно правило Палаты не может быть приостановлено, изменено или дополнено без согласия двух третей избранных членов Палаты.

СОВМЕСТНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА СЕНАТА И ПАЛАТЫ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ.

1. Когда послание направляется из Сената в Палату представителей, оно объявляется у дверей Палаты Сержантом-приставом и с уважением передается председательствующему лицом, которым оно было отправлено.

2. Та же церемония соблюдается, когда послание направляется из Палаты представителей в Сенат.

3. Послания передаются из одной Палаты в другую, пока обе Палаты находятся на сессии.

4. Ни одна из Палат не может без согласия другой откладывать заседания более чем на три дня; а также не может переносить их в другое место, кроме того, в котором заседают обе Палаты.

5. После того как законопроект будет принят обеими Палатами, он должен быть должным образом зарегистрирован Секретарем по регистрации Палаты представителей или Сената, в зависимости от того, в какой из Палат возник законопроект, прежде чем он будет представлен Губернатору штата для утверждения.

6. После регистрации законопроекты проверяются совместным комитетом из двух членов Сената и двух членов Палаты представителей, назначенных в качестве постоянного комитета для этой цели, которые должны тщательно сравнить регистрацию с окончательно оформленными законопроектами, принятыми в обеих Палатах, и, исправив любую ошибку, обнаруженную в зарегистрированных законопроектах, немедленно представить отчет своим соответствующим Палатам.

7. После проверки и представления отчета каждый законопроект подписывается в соответствующих Палатах, сначала Спикером Палаты представителей, затем Председателем Сената.

ПРАВИЛА СЕНАТА.

8. После того как законопроект будет таким образом подписан в каждой Палате, он представляется указанным комитетом Губернатору для одобрения (при этом на обороте свитка делается отметка, удостоверяющая, в какой Палате он возник, которая подписывается Главным секретарем Палаты, в которой он возник), и вносится в журнал каждой Палаты. Указанный комитет докладывает о дне представления Губернатору, и это время тщательно вносится в журнал каждой Палаты.

9. Ни одна поправка к любому законопроекту, внесенная одной Палатой, не может быть одобрена другой, равно как и отчет любого согласительного комитета не может быть принят ни в одной из Палат, иначе как голосованием большинства избранных членов, проводимым поименно, с внесением имен проголосовавших в журнал.

10. Все распоряжения, резолюции и голосования, которые должны быть представлены Губернатору штата для одобрения, также должны быть таким же образом зарегистрированы, проверены и подписаны, и представлены тем же образом и тем же комитетом, как это предусмотрено для законопроектов.

11. Каждая Палата передает другой по запросу все документы, на которых основывается любой законопроект или резолюция.

12. Председательствующий Сената председательствует на всех совместных заседаниях Палат.

13. Любые три члена могут внести предложение о созыве совместного заседания.

14. Когда законопроект или резолюция приняты одной Палатой и отклонены другой, уведомление об этом немедленно направляется в Палату, в которой они возникли.

15. Законопроекты, выделяющие средства на оплату труда должностных лиц Правительства, ограничиваются исключительно этой целью, и ни один закон не может охватывать более одного предмета, который должен быть выражен в его названии.

16. Ни одно совместное правило Сената и Палаты представителей не может быть приостановлено, изменено или дополнено без согласия двух третей членов, избранных в каждую Палату.

ХРОНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ТАБЛИЦА

ОСНОВНЫХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ДРУГИХ СОБЫТИЙ В АМЕРИКАНСКОЙ ИСТОРИИ, ОТ ОТКРЫТИЯ В 1492 ГОДУ ДО НАСТОЯЩЕГО ВРЕМЕНИ.

1492, August 3, Columbus sailed from Palos, Spain.

1492, October 12, Columbus discovered Guanahani.

1492, November 7, Columbus discovered Cuba.

1492, December 6, Hayti, or Hispaniola discovered.

1493, January 16, Columbus returned to Spain.

1493, September 25, Columbus sails from Cadiz on his second voyage.

1493, December 8, Columbus lays the foundation of Isabella in Hispaniola, the first European town in the New World.

1494, May 5, Jamaica discovered.

1496, March 10, Columbus sails again for Spain.

1497, June 24, North America discovered by the Cabots.

1498, May 30, Columbus sails from Spain on his third voyage.

1498, July 31, Trinidad discovered.

1498, August 1, South America discovered by Columbus.

1499, June 16, South America discovered by Americus Vespucius.

1500, Amazon river discovered by Pinzon.

1500, April 23, Brazil discovered by Cabval.

1502, May 11, Columbus sails on his last voyage.

1502, August 14, Bay of Honduras discovered by Columbus

1504, September 2, Columbus returns to Spain.

1506, May 20, Columbus dies in his 59th year.

1508, St. Lawrence river first navigated by Aubert.

1512, April 2, Florida discovered by Juan Ponce de Leon.

1512, Baracoa, the first town in Cuba, built by Diego Velasquez.

1513, September 25, Pacific Ocean discovered by Vasco Nunez De Balboa.

1516, Rio de la Plata discovered by Juan Diaz de Solis.

1517, Patent granted by Charles V. for an annual import of 4,000 negro slaves to Hispaniola, Cuba, Jamaica and Puerto Rico.

1517, Yucatan discovered by Francis Hernandez Cordova.

1519, March 13, Cortes lands at Tabasco, in Mexico.

1519, April 22, Cortes arrives at San Juan de Ulloa.

1519, Vera Cruz settled by Cortes.

1519, November 8, Cortes enters Mexico.

1520, Montezuma dies.

1520, November 7, Straits of Magellan discovered by Ferdinand Magellan.

1521, August 13, Mexico taken by Cortes.

1522, Bermudas discovered by Juan Bermudez.

1525, First invasion of Peru by Pizarro and Almagro.

1528, Pizarro appointed governor of Peru.

1531, Second invasion of Peru by Pizarro.

1532, First colony founded in Peru by Pizarro.

1535, Chili invaded by Almagro.

1537, California discovered by Cortes.

1539, May 18, Ferdinand de Soto sails from Havana on an expedition for the conquest of Florida.

1541, August 6, Orellana explores the Amazon, and arrives at the ocean.

1545, Mines of Potosi, in South America, discovered.

1548, Platina discovered in the south of Mexico.

1563, Slaves first imported into the West Indies by the English.

1576, Elizabeth’s and Frobisher’s Straits discovered by Martin Frobisher.

1585, June 26, Virginia visited by Sir Walter Raleigh.

1586, Tobacco introduced into England by Mr. Lane.

1587, August 13, First Indian baptized in Virginia.

1602, May 15, Cape Cod named by Bartholomew Gosnold.

1602, May 21, Martha’s Vineyard discovered by Gosnold.

1607, May 13, Jamestown, Virginia, founded.

1608, July 3, Quebec founded.

1609, Hudson river discovered by Henry Hudson.

1611, Lake Champlain discovered by Champlain.

1616, Baffin’s Bay discovered by Baffin.

1617, Pocahontas dies in England.

1619, June 19, First General Assembly in Virginia.

1619, May 20, Long Island Sound first navigated by Dermer.

1620, August 5, Puritans sail from Southampton, England, for America.

1620, November 10, Puritans anchored at Cape Cod.

1620, November, first white child born in New England.

1620, December 11, first landing at Plymouth.

1620, December 25, first house built at Plymouth.

1620, Slaves first introduced into Virginia by the Dutch.

1621, May 12, first marriage at Plymouth.

1630, Boston settled.

1630, October 19, first general court of Massachusetts Colony holden at Boston.

1631, Delaware settled by the Swedes.

1632, First church built at Boston.

1633, First house erected in Connecticut, at Windsor.

1634, Maryland settled.

1634, Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts.

1636, Hartford, Conn., settled.

1636, Providence founded by Roger Williams.

1637, First synod convened at Newton (now Cambridge), Mass.

1638, New Haven founded.

1638, Harvard College founded.

1638, June 1, earthquake in New England.

1639, January 14, convention at Hartford, Conn., for forming a Constitution.

1639, April, first general election at Hartford.

1639, First printing press established at Cambridge, Mass., by Stephen Day.

1642, October 9, first commencement at Harvard College.

1643, May 19, union of the New England Colonies.

1646, First act passed by the general court of Mass. for the spread of the Gospel among the Indians.

1647, May 19, first General Assembly of Rhode Island.

1648, First execution for witchcraft.

1648, New London settled.

1650, Harvard College chartered.

1650, Constitution of Maryland settled.

1651, Navigation Act passed by Great Britain.

1652, First mint established in New England.

1654, Yale College first projected by Davenport.

1663, January 26, earthquake felt in New England, New Netherlands and Canada.

1664, August 27, surrender of New Amsterdam to the English.

1665, June 12, New York City incorporated.

1672, First copyright granted by Mass.

1673, Mississippi river explored by Marquette and Joliet.

1675, June 24, commencement of King Philip’s war.

1676, August 12, death of King Philip.

1681, March 4, grant of Pennsylvania to William Penn.

1682, October 24, arrival of William Penn in America.

1682, Louisiana taken possession of by M. de la Sale.

1683, First Legislative Assembly in New York.

1683, Roger Williams dies, in his 84th year.

1686, First Episcopal Society formed in Boston.

1687, First printing press established near Philadelphia by William Bradford.

1688, New York and New Jersey united to New England.

1690, February 8, Schenectady burned by the French and Indians.

1690, First paper money issued by Massachusetts.

1692, William and Mary College, Virginia, chartered.

1693, Episcopal Church established at New York.

1693, First printing press established in New York by William Bradford.

1695, Rice introduced into Carolina.

1698, First French Colony arrive at the mouth of the Mississippi.

1699, Captain Kidd, the pirate, apprehended at Boston.

1700, Episcopal Church established in Pennsylvania.

1701, October, Yale College chartered and founded at Saybrook.

1702, Episcopal Church established in New Jersey and Rhode Island.

1703, Culture of silk introduced into Carolina.

1703, Duty of £4 laid on imported negroes, in Mass.

1704, Tonnage duty laid by Rhode Island on foreign vessels.

1704, Act “to prevent the growth of Popery,” passed by Maryland.

1704, First newspaper (Boston News Letter) published at Boston, by Bartholomew Green.

1706, Bills of Credit issued by Carolina.

1709, First printing press in Connecticut, established at New London, by Thomas Short.

1711, South Sea Company incorporated.

1712, Free Schools founded in Charleston, Massachusetts.

1714, First schooner built at Cape Ann.

1717, Yale College removed from Saybrook to New Haven.

1718, Import duties laid by Massachusetts on English manufactures and English ships.

1719, First Presbyterian Church founded in New York.

1720, Tea first used in New England.

1721, Inoculation for small-pox introduced into New England.

1722, Paper money first issued in Pennsylvania.

1725, First newspaper in New York (the New York Gazette) published by William Bradford.

1726, First printing presses established in Virginia and Maryland.

1727, Earthquake in New England.

1730, First printing press and newspaper established at Charleston, South Carolina.

1732, Tobacco made a legal tender in Maryland at 1d. per pound, and corn at 20d. per bushel.

1732, February 22, George Washington born.

1732, First printing press and newspaper established at Newport, Rhode Island.

1733, Georgia settled.

1733, Freemasons’ Lodge first held in Boston.

1727, Earthquake in New Jersey.

1738, College founded at Princeton, New Jersey.

1741, January 1, General Magazine and Historical Chronicle, first published by Benjamin Franklin.

1742, Faneuil Hall erected at Boston.

1750, First theatrical performance in Boston.

1754, Columbia College founded in New York.

1755, July 9, defeat of General Braddock.

1755, September 8, battle of Lake George.

1755, Earthquake in North America.

1755, First newspaper (Connecticut Gazette), published at New Haven.

1756, May 17, war declared with France by Great Britain.

1756, First printing press and newspaper established at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, by Daniel Fowle.

1758, July 26, Louisburg taken by the English.

1758, August 27, Fort Frontenac taken by the English.

1758, November 25, Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh), taken by the English.

1759, Ticonderoga taken by the English.

1759, September 18, Quebec taken by the English.

1761, March 12, earthquake in New England.

1763, February 10, treaty of peace, signed at Paris, between the English and French.

1763, First newspaper published in Georgia.

1764, March, right to tax American colonies, voted by House of Commons.

1764, April 5, first act for levying revenue passed Parliament.

1764, April 21, Louisiana ordered to be given up to Spain.

1765, Stamp act passed by Parliament.

1765, March 22, stamp act receives a royal assent.

1765, May 29, Virginia resolutions against the right of taxation.

1765, June 6, general Congress proposed by Massachusetts.

1765, October 17, Congress of twenty-seven delegates convenes at New York, and publishes a declaration of rights and resolutions against the stamp act.

1766, February, Dr. Franklin examined before the House of Commons, relative to the repeal of the stamp act.

1766, March 18, stamp act repealed.

1767, Tax laid on paper, glass, painters’ colors, and teas.

1769, Dartmouth College incorporated; American Philosophical Society instituted at Philadelphia.

1770, March 5, Boston massacre.

1773, December 18, tea thrown overboard at Boston.

1774, March 31, Boston port bill passed; September 4, first Continental Congress at Philadelphia.

1774, Dr. Franklin dismissed from the post office.

1775, April 19, battle of Lexington; May 10, Ticonderoga taken by the Provincials.

1775, June 17, battle of Bunker Hill; July 2, General Washington arrives at Cambridge.

1775, December 13, resolution of Congress to fit out a navy of thirteen ships.

1775, December 31, assault on Quebec, and death of General Montgomery.

1776, March 17, Boston evacuated by the British; July 4, Declaration of Independence.

1776, August 27, battle of Long Island; September 15, British take possession of New York.

1776, October 28, battle of White Plains; November 16, capture of Fort Washington; December 26, battle of Trenton.

1777, January 3, battle of Princeton; August 16, battle of Bennington.

1777, September 11, battle of Brandywine; September 19, first battle of Stillwater.

1777, September 27, British army enters Philadelphia; October 4, battle of Germantown.

1777, October 7, second battle of Stillwater; October 17, surrender of the British army under Burgoyne.

1777, November 15, articles of confederation adopted by Congress, and finally ratified by the States; in March 1781, Maryland being the last State to adopt them.

1778, February 6, Treaty of alliance with France, ratified by Louis XVI.

1778, June 28, battle at Monmouth Court House; December 29, Savannah taken by the British.

1779, March 3, battle of Briar Creek; May 14, Norfolk taken by the British.

1779, June 20, battle of Stono Ferry.

1779, July 5-7, Fairfield and Norwalk, Conn., burned by the British.

1779. JJuly 16, storming and capture of Stony Point by the Americans, under Wayne.

1779, July and August, Sullivan’s expedition against the Indians on the Susquehanna.

1779, September 23, Paul Jones captures two British frigates.

1780, April 14, battle at Monck’s Corner, South Carolina.

1780, May 6, battle on the Santee river.

1780, May 12, Surrender of Gen. Lincoln and American army at Charleston.

1780, July 12, French fleet and army arrive at Rhode Island.

1780, August 16, battle of Sanders Creek, near Camden.

1780, September 23, treason of Gen. Arnold, and arrest of Major Andre.

1780, October 2, Major Andre executed; battle of Kings Mountain.

1780, November 12, battle of Broad river; November 20, battle at Blackstock.

1780, December 20, war between England and Holland.

1781, Bank of North America established.

1781, January, expedition of the British, under Arnold, to Virginia.

1781, January 17, battle of the Cowpens; February, retreat of Gen. Greene in North Carolina.

1781, March 15, battle of Guilford Court House; April 25, battle of Hobkirk’s Hill, near Camden.

1781, August 14, American and French allied army, march from the Hudson river, near New York, to Virginia.

1781, September 6, burning of New London, by Arnold.

1781, September 8, battle of Eutaw Springs, and close of the campaign in South Carolina.

1781, October 19, surrender of Lord Cornwallis and the British army.

1782, February 27, resolutions of the House of Commons in favor of peace.

1782, March 20, resignation of Lord North, and accession of a Whig cabinet in England.

1782, April 19, independence of the United States acknowledged by Holland.

1782, June 24, last battle of the Revolutionary war, near Savannah, Georgia.

1782, August, death of Colonel John Laurens, of South Carolina.

1782, November 13, preliminary articles of peace between the United States and Great Britain, signed at Paris.

1783, January 20, preliminary treaties between France, Spain and Great Britain, signed at Versailles.

1783, Independence of the United States acknowledged by Sweden February 5; by Denmark, February 25; by Spain, March 24; and by Russia in July.

1783, April 11, peace proclaimed by Congress; April 19, announced to the army by Washington.

1783, September 3, definite treaty of peace signed at Paris.

1783, Proclamation for disbanding the army; November 2, Washington’s farewell orders.

1783, November 25, New York evacuated by the British.

1784, First voyage from China to New York.

1785, July 9, and August 5, treaty with Prussia.

1786, Shay’s insurrection in Massachusetts; September 20, insurrection in New Hampshire.

1787, September 17, federal constitution agreed on by convention.

1788, Federal constitution adopted by eleven States.

1789, March 4, George Washington elected President.

1789, April 30, inauguration of George Washington.

1790, District of Columbia ceded by Virginia and Maryland.

1790, May 29, constitution adopted by Rhode Island.

1791, March 4, Vermont admitted into the Union.

1791, Bank of the United States established.

1791, First folio Bible printed by Worcester of Massachusetts.

1792, June 1, Kentucky admitted into the Union.

1793, Washington re-elected President.

1793, Death of John Hancock.

1794, Insurrection in Pennsylvania.

1796, June 1, Tennessee admitted into the Union.

1796, December 7, Washington’s last speech to Congress.

1797, March 4, John Adams inaugurated President.

1798, Washington re-appointed commander-in-chief.

1799, December 14, death of George Washington.

1800, Seat of Government removed to Washington.

1800, May 13, disbanding of the provisional army.

1801, March 4, Thomas Jefferson inaugurated President.

1802, July 20, Louisiana ceded to France by Spain.

1803, February 19, Ohio admitted into the Union.

1803, April 30, Louisiana purchased by the United States.

1803, August, Commodore Preble bombards Tripoli.

1805, June 3, treaty of peace with Tripoli.

1806, Expedition of Louis and Clark to the mouth of the Columbia.

1807, June 22, attack on the frigate Chesapeake.

1807, July 2, interdict to armed British vessels.

1807, November 11, British orders in council.

1807, December, 17, Milan decree.

1807, December 22, embargo laid by the American government.

1808, January 1, slave trade abolished.

1808, April 17, Bayonne decree.

1809, March 1, embargo repealed.

1809, March 4, James Madison inaugurated President.

1810, March 23, Rambouillet decree.

1811, May 16, engagement between the frigate President and Little Belt.

1811, November 7, battle of Tippecanoe.

1812, April 3, embargo laid for ninety days.

1812, June 19, proclamation of war (war declared June 18).

1812, June 23, British orders in council repealed.

1812, August 15, surrender of Gen. Hull.

1812, Action between the frigates Constitution and Guerriere.

1812, November, defeat at Queenstown.

1812, Action between the Frolic and Wasp.

1812, Action between the United States and Macedonia.

1812, April 8, Louisana admitted into the Union.

1813, April 27, capture of York Upper Canada.

1813, May 27, battle of Fort George.

1813, June 1, Chesapeake captured by the Shannon.

1813, September 10, Perry’s victory on Lake Erie.

1813, October 5, battle of Thames.

1813, December 13, Buffalo burnt.

1814, March 28, action between the frigates Essex and Phœbe.

1814, July 5, battle of Chippawa.

1814, July 25, battle of Bridgewater.

1814, August, Washington City captured, and capitol burnt.

1814, August 9-11, Stonington bombarded.

1814, August 11, McDonough’s victory on Lake Champlain.

1814, September 12, battle near Baltimore.

1814, December 24, treaty of Ghent signed.

1814, December 25, battle of New Orleans.

1815, February 27, treaty of Ghent ratified by the President.

1815, March, war declared with Algiers.

1817, March 4, James Monroe, inaugurated President.

1817, December 10, Mississippi admitted into the Union.

1818, December 3, Illinois admitted into the Union.

1819, December 14, Alabama admitted into the Union.

1820, March 15, Maine admitted into the Union.

1821, July 1, Jackson takes possession of Florida.

1821, August 10, Missouri admitted into the Union.

1821, First settlement of Liberia.

1824, March 13, convention with Great Britain for suppression of the slave trade.

1824, April 5, convention with Russia, in relation to the Northwest boundary.

1824, August 13, arrival of Gen. Lafayette.

1825, March 4, John Quincy Adams inaugurated President.

1825, September 7, departure of Gen. Lafayette.

1826, July 4, death of Presidents Adams and Jefferson.

1829, February 20, resolutions passed by the Virginia House of Delegates, denying the right of Congress to pass the tariff bill.

1829, March 4, Andrew Jackson inaugurated President.

1829, May 2, hail fell in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, to the depth of twelve inches.

1829, May 17, death of John Jay, Bedford, New York.

1829, September 15, slavery abolished in Mexico.

1829, November 9, separation of Yucatan from Mexico, and union with Republic of Central America.

1829, December 4, revolution commenced in Mexico.

1830, January 20, General Bolivar resigns his military and civil commissions.

1830, January 27, city of Guatemala nearly destroyed by earthquakes.

1830, April 4, Yucatan declares its independence.

1831, January 12, remarkable eclipse of the sun.

1831, July 4th, death of James Monroe.

1831, October 1, free trade convention at Philadelphia.

1831, October 26, tariff convention at New York.

1832, February 6, attack on Qualla Battoo, in Sumatra, by United States frigate Potomac.

1832, June 8, cholera breaks out at Quebec, in Canada; being its first appearance in America.

1832, August 27, capture of Black Hawk.

1832, September 26, University of New York organized.

1832, November, union and State rights convention of South Carolina.

1832, December 28, John C. Calhoun resigns the office of Vice-President.

1833, March 2, new tariff bill signed by the President.

1833, March 4, Andrew Jackson inaugurated President for a second term.

1833, March 11, State rights convention of South Carolina.

1833, March 29, Santa Anna elected President of Mexico.

1833, May 16, Santa Anna inaugurated President of Mexico.

1833, October 1, public deposits removed from the bank of the United States, by order of General Jackson.

1833, November 13, remarkable meteoric showers in the United States.

1834, March 28, vote of censure by the Senate against Gen. Jackson for removing the deposits.

1835, April 18, French indemnity bill passes the Chamber of Deputies.

1835, December 16, great fire in New York.

1836, April 21, battle of San Jacinto, in Texas.

1836, June 14, Arkansas admitted in the Union.

1836, December 15, burning of the general post office and patent office at Washington.

1837, January 26, Michigan admitted into the Union.

1837, March 4, Martin Van Buren, inaugurated President of the United States.

1840, January 19, Antarctic continent discovered by the United States exploring expedition.

1840, June 30, sub-treasury bill becomes a law.

1841, March 4, William Henry Harrison inaugurated President of the United States.

1841, April 4, death of President Harrison.

1841, August 9, sub-treasury bill repealed.

1841, August 18, bankrupt act becomes a law.

1843, March 3, bankrupt act repealed.

1843, June 17, Bunker Hill monument celebration.

1845, March 1, Texas annexed to the United States.

1845, March 3, Florida admitted into the Union.

1845, March 4, James K. Polk, inaugurated President.

1845, June 18, death of Andrew Jackson.

1845, December, 24, Texas admitted into the Union.

1846, May 8, battle of Palo Alto, on the Rio Grande.

1846, May 9, battle of Resaca de la Palma on the Rio Grande.

1846, May 13, proclamation of war existing with Mexico.

1846, June 18, United States Senate advise the President to confirm the Oregon treaty with Great Britain.

1846, July 28, new United States tariff bill passed.

1846, August 3, President Polk vetoes the river and harbor bill.

1846, August 6, revolution in Mexico in favor of Santa Anna.

1846, August 8, President Polk vetoes the French spoliation bill.

1846, August 10, Congress adjourns.

1846, August 18, Brigadier General Kearney, of the United States army, takes possession of Santa Fe.

1846, August 19, Commodore Stockton blockades the Mexican ports on the Pacific.

1846, September 21, 22, 23, battles of Monterey, Mexico.

1846, September 26, California expedition with Col. Stevenson’s regiment of 780 officers and men, sails from New York.

1846, October 25, Tabasco in Mexico, bombarded by Commodore Perry.

1846, November 14, Commodore Conner takes Tampico.

1846, December 6, General Kearney defeats the Mexicans at San Pasqual.

1846, December 25, Colonel Doniphan defeats the Mexicans at Brazito, near El Paso.

1846, December 28, Iowa admitted into the Union.

1847, January 8, Mexican Congress resolves to raise fifteen millions of dollars on the property of the clergy for the war with the United States.

1847, January 8-9, battles of San Gabriel and Mesa, in California, fought by General Kearney, who defeats the Mexicans.

1847, January 14, revolt of the Mexicans in New Mexico against the United States authorities.

1847, January 24, battle of Canada, in New Mexico; Mexicans defeated by the Americans under Colonel Price.

1847, February 22-23, battle of Buena Vista—Mexicans 21,000 in number, under General Santa Anna, defeated by 4,500 Americans under General Taylor.

1847, February 28, battle of Sacramento—Colonel Doniphan, with 924 Americans defeats 4,000 Mexicans.

1847, March 1, General Kearney declares California a part of the United States.

1847, March 20, city and castle of Vera Cruz taken by the army and navy of the United States, under General Scott and Commodore Perry.

1847, April 2, Alvarado taken by the Americans under Lieutenant Hunter.

1847, April 18, battle of Cerro Gordo. Mexicans under Santa Anna defeated by the Americans under General Scott.

1847, April 18, Tuspan in Mexico taken by Commodore Perry.

1847, May 1, Smithsonian Institution at Washington, corner-stone laid.

1847, August 20, battle of Contreras and Churubusco, in Mexico. Mexicans defeated by Americans under General Smith, part of General Scott’s command.

1847, August 31, new constitution of Illinois adopted by State Convention.

1847, September 8, battle of Molina del Rey, near the city of Mexico. The Americans under General Worth (part of Scott’s command) defeated the Mexicans under General Santa Anna.

1847, September 12-14, battle of Chapultepec, near Mexico; the Americans, under Generals Scott, Worth, Pillow and Quitman, defeat the Mexicans under Santa Anna. General Scott and American army enter the city of Mexico on the 14th.

1847, September 13 to October 12, siege of Puebla, held by the Americans against the Mexicans. The latter repulsed by the former under Colonel Childs.

1847, October 9, the city of Huamantla, in Mexico, taken by the Americans under General Lane.

1847, October 20, part of Guayamas, in Mexico, bombarded and captured by the Americans.

1847, December 31, the several Mexican states occupied by the American army placed under military contributions.

1848, January 27, a national convention to nominate president and vice-president called by the Whig members of Congress. At an adjourned meeting it was resolved that the convention meet at Independence Hall, Philadelphia.

1848, February 18, by a general order, Major-General Scott turns over the command of the U. S. army in Mexico to Major-General Butler.

1848, May 22-26, the Democratic National Convention at Baltimore nominate General Louis Cass, of Michigan, for President, and General William O. Butler, of Kentucky, for Vice-President.

1848, May 25, Major-General Scott received by the municipal authorities of the city of New York.

1848, May 29, Wisconsin admitted into the Union.

1848, May 30, treaty of peace between the United States and Mexico, which had been signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848, afterwards modified at Washington, and confirmed by the Mexican Congress, ratified by the American commissioners, Sevier and Clifford, and Mexican minister of foreign relations, Don Luis de la Rosa. It was proclaimed in the United States July 4, 1848.

1848, June 7, 8, the Whig National Convention meet at Philadelphia, and on the second day, fourth ballot, nominate General Zachary Taylor for President, and, on second ballot, Hon. Millard Fillmore for Vice-President.

1848, June 22, 23, Democratic Convention at Utica, New York, nominate Martin Van Buren for President, and Henry Dodge (who declined June 29) for Vice-President.

1848, July 4, corner-stone of monument to General Washington, laid at the city of Washington, oration by Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.

1848, August 13, Oregon territorial bill, with prohibition of slavery, passed by Congress.

1848, August 9, 10, Free Soil Convention at Buffalo nominate Martin Van Buren, of New York, for President, and Charles Francis Adams, of Massachusetts, for Vice-President. Sixteen states were represented by delegates.

1848, August 14, adjournment of the 30th Congress, first session.

1848, August 17, destructive fire at Albany, New York.

1848, September 9, destructive fire at Brooklyn, New York.

1848, November 7, presidential election.

1848, December 4, meeting of the 30th Congress, second session.

1848, December 6, Taylor and Fillmore elected President and Vice-President by the electoral colleges.

1849, March 5, inauguration of Zachary Taylor as President, and of Millard Fillmore as Vice-President, of the United States.

1849, May 15, the cholera breaks out in New York.

1849, May 17, great fire at St. Louis.

1849, August 11, General Taylor, president of the United States, issues his proclamation against the armed expedition fitting out for Cuba.

1849, August 21, citizens of Santa Fe county, New Mexico, meet to organize a territorial government.

1849, August 31, convention of delegates, called by General Riley, of the United States army, to frame a state constitution for California, meet at Monterey.

1849, September 4, California convention organize.

1849, October 10, annexation to United States memorial, at Montreal, Canada, signed by over 300 citizens of Canada.

1849, October 10, initial point of the boundary line between the United States and Mexico settled, and a monument with inscriptions erected Lat. 32 deg. 31 min. 59 sec. 58, and Long. 119 deg. 35 min. 0 sec. 15, west from Greenwich.

1849, October 16, convention of delegates from fourteen states in favor of a national railroad from the Mississippi to the Pacific, meet at St. Louis, and issue an address. Senator Douglas, of Illinois, presides.

1849, October 16, Mr. Chatfield takes possession of the island of Tigre, in the state of Honduras, in the name of the British Queen.

1849, November 1, the first territorial legislature of Minnesota closes its sitting of sixty days.

1849, November 19, the survey of the boundary line between Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland, comprising a greater part of Mason and Dixon’s line, is completed.

1849, December 2, first session of 31st Congress commences.

1849, December 21, House of Representatives organized by the selection of Howell Cobb as speaker, on the sixty-third trial.

1850, January 9, the British government announce to Lord Elgin, Governor General of Canada, their determination to maintain the connection of Canada with Great Britain.

1850, January 15, the Hungarian exiles call on President Taylor, and the usual interchange of civilities takes place.

1850, January 19, the Spanish minister at Washington complains to the Secretary of State of the Cuban juntos at New York, New Orleans and Washington.

1850, February 12, the original manuscript of Washington’s Farewell Address is sold at auction, by the heirs of Mr. Claypole, printer, and purchased by James Lenox, Esq., of New York, for $2,300.

1850, February 22, President Taylor attends the laying of the corner-stone of the Virginia monument to Washington, at Richmond.

1850, April 20, the people of Santa Fe county, New Mexico, hold a convention and request the military governor of New Mexico,

Col. John Monroe, to call upon the citizens to elect members for a convention to form a State constitution.

1850, April 27, Collins line of steam packets goes into operation. The steamer Atlantic sails from New York for Liverpool.

1850, May 7, a meeting of southern members of both Houses of Congress is held at Washington, and reports an address to the people of the Southern states.

1850, May 23, two vessels, the Advance and Rescue, fitted out by Mr. Henry Grinnell, of New York, to search for Sir John Franklin in the Arctic seas, sail from New York.

1850, June 3, a southern convention of delegates meet at Nashville, Tennessee, to consult on the slavery question agitated in the North and in Congress. They afterward issue an address, and adjourn, after a short session.

1850, June 14, great fire at San Francisco, California, destroys three hundred buildings.

1850, July 1, Governor Bell, of Texas, calls a special session of the legislature on the boundary question, to meet on the 12th of August.

1850, July 9, death of President Taylor; great fire in Philadelphia.

1850, July 31, railroad convention at Portland, Maine, in favor of a railroad to Halifax, through the British provinces.

1850, August 12, the legislature of Texas meet at Austin, and assume hostile attitude on the boundary question; which, however, is afterwards settled by the action of Congress.

1850, September 9, California admitted into the Union.

1850, September 9, Texas boundary bill passed by Congress.

1850, September 9, New Mexico and Utah bills passed.

1850, September 18, fugitive slave act passed.

1850, September 20, act for the suppression of the slave trade in the District of Columbia, passed.

1850, September 30, thirty-first Congress adjourns after a session of 302 days.

1850, October 7, Indiana convention, for amending the State Constitution, assembles at Indianapolis.

1850, October 14, Virginia convention, for amending the State Constitution, assembles at Richmond.

1850, October 23, a woman’s rights convention is held at Rochester, Massachusetts.

1850, October 26, great union meeting at Dayton, Ohio.

1850, October 30, great union meeting at Castle Garden, New York.

1850, November 1, the mortal remains of the late President Taylor deposited in the family cemetery near Louisville, Kentucky.

1850, November 4, Maryland convention, to amend the State Constitution, meets at Annapolis.

1850, November 6, New Hampshire convention, to amend the State Constitution, meets at Concord.

1850, November 11, Southern States Rights Convention meets at Nashville, Tennessee.

1850, November 31, great union meeting at Philadelphia.

1850, December 16, great union meeting at Bath, Maine.

1851, April 25, President Fillmore issues his proclamation against Cuban expeditions.

1851, May 3, great fire at San Francisco, California. Nearly two thousand five hundred buildings destroyed, and several lives lost.

1851, May 8, South Carolina Southern Rights Convention meets at Charleston, and resolves for a dissolution of the Union.

1851, June 22, another great fire at San Francisco, which lays a large portion of the city in ashes.

1851. August 3, expedition against Cuba, under General Lopez, sails from New Orleans.

1851, August 29, convention of delegates at Lewis county, Oregon, memorialize Congress for a division of the territory into two governments.

1851, September to, the steam-frigate Mississippi, by order of the United States government, received Kossuth, ex-Governor of Hungary, and suite on board, at the Dardanelles, from a Turkish frigate.

1851, October 22, President Fillmore issues his proclamation against a private military expedition against Mexico.

1851, November 10, the United States steamer Mississippi arrives in New York with the exiled companions of Kossuth, forty-two in number, Kossuth having remained to visit England on his way to the United States.

1851, December 6, Kossuth, ex-Governor of Hungary, arrives in New York from England, and is honored with a public reception.

1851, December 24, library of Congress, at Washington, destroyed by fire.

1851, December 31, Kossuth formally received at Washington by President Fillmore.

1852, January 5, Kossuth publicly received by Congress.

1852, June 24, first national agricultural convention, representing twenty-two states, assembles at Washington.

1852, July 5, Louisiana convention, for revising the State Constitution, assembles at Baton Rouge.

1852, July 16, Kossuth leaves New York for Liverpool, on his return to Europe.

1852, August 31, thirty-second Congress, first session, adjourns.

1852, December 1, Mr. Everett, secretary of state, declines, on the part of the United States government, the tripartite convention respecting Cuba, proposed by England and France.

1852, December 20, William R. King, on account of ill health, resigns his office of president pro tem. of the Senate.

1853, February 9, votes for President and Vice-President opened and counted in Congress. Pierce and King are declared duly elected for four years from March 4.

1853, February 25, President Fillmore convened the Senate, by proclamation, for twelve o’clock on the 4th of March, instead of eleven o’clock, as by a former proclamation, the present senate deeming that their term does not expire until noon of that day.

1853, March 4, inauguration of Franklin Pierce as President of the United States.

1853, March 24, William R. King is sworn in as Vice-President at Cumbre, near Matanzas, on the island of Cuba, Consul Sharkey administering the oath.

1853, April 30, Delaware state convention adopt a new constitution and adjourn after a session of fifty-five days. The constitution was rejected by the people October 11, 1853.

1853, May 4, Massachusetts state convention, to revise the constitution, meets at Boston. It adjourns August 1, having framed a state constitution, which was rejected by the votes of the people.

1853, June 6, a southern convention assembles at Memphis, Tennessee.

1853, June 21, Martin Koszta, a Hungarian refugee, who had declared his intentions to become a citizen of the United States, being seized by the officers of an Austrian brig-of-war in the harbor of Smyrna, in Turkey, is rescued by Captain Ingraham, of the United States sloop-of-war St. Louis.

1853, July 8, the United States expedition to Japan, under Commodore Perry, arrives at Japan. He lands on the 14th, and delivers to the Japanese authorities a letter to the emperor from the President of the United States, and a few days after

leaves the islands, intending to return to Japan the following year.

1853, July 14, the Crystal Palace, or exhibition of the arts of all nations, is opened at New York, in presence of the President of the United States and other dignitaries, attended by a large audience.

1853, August 29, Mr. Hulsemann, the Austrian minister at Washington, addresses a note to the American government, complaining of Captain Ingraham’s conduct in the affair of the release of Koszta at Smyrna; to which the secretary of state, Mr. Marcy, afterward replied in justification of Capt. Ingraham.

1854, Treaty with Japan.

1854, Kansas-Nebraska bill passed.

1857, March 4, James Buchanan inaugurated President; John C. Breckinridge inaugurated Vice-President.

1858, May 11, Minnesota admitted into the Union.

1859, February 14, Oregon admitted into the Union.

1859, John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry.

1860, December 20, Secession of South Carolina.

1860, Population of the United States 31,443,322.

1861, January 9, Secession of Mississippi.

1861, January 10, Secession of Alabama and Florida.

1861, January 19, Secession of Georgia.

1861, January 26, Secession of Louisiana.

1861, January 29, Kansas admitted into the Union.

1861, February 1, Secession of Texas.

1861, February 4, Southern Confederacy formed. Jefferson Davis elected President, and Alexander H. Stephens Vice-President of the Confederate States.

1861, March 4, Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President of the United States. Hannibal Hamlin inaugurated Vice-President.

1861, April 12, Fort Sumter fired upon.

1861, April 13, Fort Sumter surrendered.

1861, April 18, Harper’s Ferry seized.

1861, April 21, Norfolk Navy Yard seized.

1861, April 25, Secession of Virginia.

1861, May 6, Secession of Arkansas.

1861, May 20, Secession of North Carolina.

1861, June 8, Secession of Tennessee.

1861, July 5, battle near Carthage, Missouri.

1861, July 11, battle of Rich Mountain, Virginia.

1861, July 14, battle at Carrick’s Ford, Virginia.

1861, July 20, Confederate Congress met at Richmond, Virginia.

1861, July 21, battle of Bull Run, Virginia.

1861, August 10, battle of Wilson’s Creek, Missouri.

1861, August 29, forts at Hatteras Inlet captured.

1861, September 20, Lexington, Missouri, captured by the Confederates.

1861, October 21, battle at Ball’s Bluff, Virginia.

1861, November 7, battle of Belmont, Missouri.

1861, November 7, Port Royal, South Carolina, captured.

1861, November 8, seizure of Mason and Slidell.

1862, February 6, capture of Fort Henry, Tennessee.

1862, February 8, capture of Roanoke Island, North Carolina.

1862, February 16, capture of Fort Donelson.

1862, May 7-8, battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas.

1862, March 8, the Merrimac sinks the Cumberland and Congress.

1862, March 9, the Merrimac checked by the Monitor.

1862, March 14, capture of New Berne, North Carolina.

1862, March 23, battle at Winchester, Virginia.

1862, April 4, McClellan commenced his Peninsula campaign.

1862, April 7, battle of Shiloh.

1862, April 7, Island No. 10 captured.

1862, April 11, Fort Pulaski, Georgia, surrendered.

1862, April 25, New Orleans captured.

1862, April 25, Beaufort, South Carolina, captured.

1862, April 28, Forts St. Philip and Jackson, Louisiana, captured.

1862, May 4, capture of Yorktown, Virginia.

1862, May 5, battle of Williamsburg, Virginia.

1862, May 10, Norfolk, Virginia, captured by General Wool.

1862, May 30, Corinth, Mississippi, captured.

1862, May 31, and June 1, battle of Fair Oaks.

1862, June 3, Lee assumed command of the Confederate army before Richmond.

1862, June 6, surrender of Memphis, Tennessee.

1862, June 25, Seven Days battles commenced.

1862, August 9, battle at Cedar Mountain.

1862, August 30, second battle of Bull Run.

1862, September 5, Lee invaded Maryland.

1862, September 14, battle of South Mountain, Maryland.

1862, September 15, Stonewall Jackson captured Harper’s Ferry.

1862, September 17, battle of Antietam.

1862, September 17, battle of Munfordsville.

1862, September 19, battle of Iuka, Mississippi.

1862, October 4, battle at Corinth, Mississippi.

1862, December 13, battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia.

1862, December 29, attack on Vicksburg, Mississippi.

1862, December 31, first battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee.

1863, January 1, “Emancipation Proclamation.”

1863, January 2, second battle of Murfreesboro.

1863, January 11, capture of Arkansas Post, Arkansas.

1863, April 7, naval attack on Fort Sumter.

1863, April 17 to May 1, Grierson’s raid in Mississippi.

1863, May 1, battle at Port Gibson, Mississippi.

1863, May 2 and 3, battles at Chancellorsville, Virginia.

1863, June, Lee’s second invasion of Maryland.

1863, June 20, West Virginia admitted into the Union.

1863, July 1-2, battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

1863, July 4, capture of Vicksburg.

1863, July 8, capture of Port Hudson, Louisiana.

1863, September 7, capture of Fort Wagner.

1863, September 10, Little Rock, Arkansas, captured.

1863, September 19-20, battle of Chickamauga, Georgia.

1863, November 18, Knoxville, Tennessee, besieged.

1863, November 24, battle of Lookout Mountain.

1863, November 23-25, battle at Chattanooga.

1863, November 25, battle at Missionary Ridge.

1863, December 3, siege of Knoxville raised.

1864, March and April, Red river expedition.

1864, April 20, Plymouth, North Carolina, captured by the Confederates.