«Иммунитет при инфекционных заболеваниях»

Hildebrandt, 109, 119, 412

Himmel, 182

Hippocrates, 342

Hirsch and Mehring, 64

Hoffmann and Recklinghausen, 46

Horvath, 337

Хюбенер. См. Эрлих

Hudalo, 436

Hueppe, 254

Hugenschmidt, 415

Issaeff, 219, 262, 287, 318, 320, 441

Исаев. См. Пфейффер

Jakowski, 42

Jeanselme, 411

Елинек. См. Фройнд

Jenner, 507

Jetter, 193

Jona, 172

Жубер. См. Пастер

Кезен. См. Дени

Kanthack, 360, 542

Kanthack and Hardy, 185

Karlinsky, 134, 260

Kempner and Schepilewsky, 387

Кемпнер. См. Рабинович

Килборн. См. Смит

Китасато. См. Беринг

Киташима. См. Беринг

Klebs, 514

Klecki (von), 44

Klein, 324

Klemensiewicz and Escherich, 443

Klemperer, 271, 356, 411, 441, 449

Klipstein, 170

Knorr, 361, 362, 370, 375, 378, 383, 392, 443

Кнорр. См. Беринг

Koch, 137, 247, 278, 279, 283, 419, 425, 434, 436, 466, 514, 529

Kolle and Turner, 466, 467

Колле. См. Делиус, Пфейффер

Kondratieff, 365

Kossel, 110, 121, 183

Коссель. См. Эрлих

Kossiakoff, 25

Kovalevsky, 41, 133, 134, 209

Krafft-Ebing, 436

Krajouchkine, 465

Kraus and Seng, 258

Краус. См. Бидль

Kretz, 371

Krikliwy, 46

Krompecher, 83

Крёниг. См. Менге

Krukenberg, 30, 49, 55

Kübler, 458

Kupffer, 75

Kuprianow, 204, 340

Kurt, 499

Laehr, 413

Landouzy and Griffon, 451

Landsteiner, 100

Lang, Heymans and Masoin, 363

Langhans, 73, 84

Laschtschenko, 188

Laurent, 33, 35, 86

Laveran and Mesnil, 173, 248, 316

Lazarus, 272, 441

Лазарус. См. Эрлих

Leber, 79, 96

Leclainche, 475, 476

Лекленш. См. Нокар

Leclainche and Vallée, 107, 171, 472, 523

Леклеф. См. Дени

Le Dantec, 13

Лефевр. См. Шаррен

Лейшман. См. Райт

Leo and Senator, 66

Lépine, 564

Лермуазе. См. Вюрц

Lesage, 47

Ле Сурд. См. Видаль

Leube, 67

Levaditi, 223

Levin, 159

Lewes, 53

Lewin, 337, 338

Lignières, 247, 279

Lindemann, 68

Lingelsheim, 193, 244, 312

Lister, 521, 530, 568

Loeffler, 7, 283, 513

Loeffler and Abel, 267

Löhr, 500

Lombard, 396

London, 94

Lorenz, 475

Лёв. См. Эммерих

Lubarsch, 141, 151, 184, 529

Lustig and Galeotti, 490

Madsen, 349, 350

Мадсен. См. Саломонсен

Маньян. См. Шаррен

Максутов. См. Павловский

Malm, 149

Manfredi, 428

Маньковский. См. Подвысоцкий

Marchand, 167

Маршан. См. Дени

Marchoux, 240, 276, 309, 311

Marie, 331, 382, 465

Marinesco, 75

Marmorek, 243, 312

Martel, 150, 159

Martin and Cherry, 361

Marx, 465, 476, 497

Маркс. См. Пфейффер

Мазуэн. См. Эйманс, Ланг

Massart, 34, 38, 39, 79, 281

Мастбаум. См. Эммерих

Маттеи (ди). См. Эммерих

Maupas, 16

Меринг. См. Хирш

Мельких. См. Савченко

Mendez, 470

Menge and Krönig, 429, 430

Mesnil, 55, 75, 78, 135, 139, 141, 143, 188, 209, 221, 238, 262, 270, 305, 307, 527

Мениль. См. Лаверан

Мечников, 31, 55, 69, 70, 73, 100, 101, 116, 131, 137, 138, 146, 149, 151, 153, 154, 156, 160, 163, 180, 181, 185, 214, 221, 227, 237, 239, 241, 256, 259, 266, 271, 275, 286, 287, 290, 302, 304, 311, 377, 382, 385, 393, 396, 405, 426, 441, 520, 521, 522, 531, 532, 534

Metchnikoff (Mme), 20, 159, 193

Métin, 44

Miller, 414, 415, 418

Mitchell, 423

Morax and Elmassian, 409

Morgenroth, 109, 119, 331

Моргенрот. См. Эрлих

Morishima, 390

Morse, 412

Mouton, 15

Moxter, 101, 185, 199

Müller, 17, 89, 114, 233

Myers, 68, 107

Майерс. См. Стивенс

Нил. См. Давенпорт

Néfédieff, 68

Neisser, 194, 196

Neisser and Wechsberg, 205, 298, 349, 359

Nencki, 419, 424, 427

Nencki and Sieber, 109, 355

Nencki, Sieber and Wyznikiewicz, 468

Netter, 503

Nicolas and Courmont, 353

Nicolas, Courmont and Prat, 353

Nicolle and Adil Bey, 279, 468

Nikanoroff, 348

Ниссен. См. Беринг

Nittis (de), 277, 288

Nocard, 148, 279, 494

Nocard and Leclainche, 461

Nocard and Roux, 130, 466, 478, 479, 569

Nolf, 94, 96

Nowakowski, 12

Nuttall, 107, 138, 150, 184, 192, 525, 527

Nuttall and Dinkelspiel, 107

Oken, 337

Opitz, 43, 44

Oppel, 231

Orlowski, 443, 444

Pagel, 507

Panum, 514

Pasteur, 2, 181, 208, 288, 322, 477, 508, 510, 511, 569

Pasteur, Chamberland and Roux, 469

Pasteur and Joubert, 144

Pasteur, Roux and Grancher, 208

Pasteur and Thuillier, 283, 473

Patella, 97

Pawloff, 59, 62, 65, 427

Pawlowsky, 44, 323

Pawlowsky and Maksutow, 348

Пейпер. См. Боймер

Péré, 26

Перносси. См. Ферми

Petruschky, 138

Pfaundler, 259

Pfeffer, 27, 38, 79

Пфейффер, 130, 165, 185, 219, 221, 267, 269, 271, 277, 290, 301, 303, 320, 365, 438, 455, 532, 533, 534

Pfeiffer and Issaeff, 212, 533

Pfeiffer and Kolle, 230, 267, 274, 302, 319, 481

Pfeiffer and Marx, 185, 264, 291, 442

Pfeiffer and Proskauer, 253

Phisalix, 387, 425

Phisalix and Bertrand, 333, 337, 338, 345, 347

Pierallini, 218, 219

Plato, 181

Podwyssozki, 77

Podwyssozki and Mankowski, 456

Pollender, 11

Ponfick, 46

Portier, 96

Прат. См. Николя

Preobrajensky, 431

Prevôt, 374

Проскауэр. См. Пфейффер

Rabinowitsch and Kempner, 248, 316

Ransom, 351, 379, 382, 389

Ranvier, 409

Rauchfuss, 501

Recklinghausen (von), 514

Реклингхаузен. См. Хоффман

Remlinger, 447, 450

Répin, 420

Rhumbler, 15

Ribbert, 413, 428, 524

Richet and Héricourt, 266, 532

Rindfleisch, 514

Rochebrune (de), 506

Röden, 109

Roger, 243, 257, 287

Роже. См. Шаррен

Roger and Bayeux, 414

Rogers, 468

Römer, 401

Roncali, 170

Roser, 515, 516

Ross, 129

Rossbach, 95

Руже. См. Вайяр

Рус. См. Декроли

Roux, 156, 347, 358, 497, 498, 530

Ру. См. Нокар, Пастер

Roux (W.), 565

Roux and Borrel, 340, 383, 386, 391

Roux and Chamberland, 530

Roux and Vaillard, 347, 355, 356, 357, 367, 379, 432, 493

Roux and Yersin, 343

Ruffer, 427, 428, 523

Rysselberghe (van), 37, 39

Sabouraud, 406

Sabrazès and Colombot, 135

Sakharoff, 160, 177

Salimbeni, 222, 245, 261, 478

Салимбени. См. Кальметт

Salmon, 455

Salomon, 418

Salomonsen, 19

Salomonsen and Madsen, 346, 356, 370, 379, 380

Saltykoff, 272

Samoïloff, 63

Sanarelli, 262, 287, 415

Sanchez-Toledo, 170

Sarassewitch, 195

Sawtchenko, 21, 99, 156, 162, 227, 240, 260, 270

Sawtchenko and Melkich, 162, 227

Schattenfroh, 172, 188, 196

Шепилевский. См. Кемпнер

Schiff, 62

Schimmelbusch, 42

Шумова-Симановская. См. Зибер

Schumacher, 451

Schütz, 283, 422

Шютц. См. Фогес

Schütze, 107, 114

Шютце. См. Вассерман

Sclavo, 276, 310

Selander, 290

Сенатор. См. Лео

Сенг. См. Краус

Serpa Pinto, 506

Shaffer, 42

Сикар. См. Видаль

Зибер. См. Ненцкий

Sieber and Schoumow-Simanowski, 419, 424

Skchiwan, 172

Slateano, 277

Slawyk, 501

Smith, 259

Smith and Kilborne, 247, 279

Sobernheim, 242, 276, 310, 441

Собернхайм. См. Френкель

Soudakewitch, 75

Soulié, 460

Stadelmann, 97

Stahl, 30, 31

Stein, 12

Stephens and Myers, 360

Stern, 419, 542

Sticker, 411

Stöhr, 428

Stoudensky, 388, 394

Strassman, 499

Straus and Wurz, 417, 418

Stroganoff, 429

Такаки. См. Вассерман

Talma, 424

Tarassewitch, 86, 87, 98, 99

Tchistovitch, 68, 75, 106, 110, 120, 121, 122, 283, 413

Thiltges, 145, 147

Thomas, 452

Тома. См. Арлуэн

Thomson and Hewlett, 410

Тюилье. См. Пастер

Tizzoni, 357, 446

Tooth, 484

Torday, 498

Toussaint, 509

Trapeznikoff, 139, 145

Traube and Gscheidlen, 184

Trommsdorff, 23, 189

Trumpp, 261

Тернер. См. Колле

Uhlenhuth, 68, 107

Vaillard, 204, 335, 347, 356, 372, 447

Вайяр. См. Ру

Vaillard and Rouget, 169, 170

Vaillard and Vincent, 169, 394

Vallée, 289, 425

Валле. См. Лекленш

Вельде (ван де). См. Дени

Viala, 465

Венсан. См. Вайяр

Vincenzi, 443

Virchow, 48, 519, 524

Voges, 238, 272

Voges and Schütz, 475

Voisin and Guinon, 502

Vries (de), 35

Wagner, 144

Waldeyer, 514

Wallgren, 168

Walter, 64

Walz, 193

Warlomont, 456

Washbourn, 485

Wassermann, 115, 191, 205, 231, 234, 273, 317, 318, 319, 322, 351, 358, 371, 441

Вассерман. См. Эрлих

Wassermann and Schütze, 107

Wassermann and Takaki, 292, 382, 394

Wassilieff, 65

Watson-Cheyne, 323

Weber-Fechner, 27, 38, 566

Вексберг. См. Нейссер

Wecker, 502

Wehrmann, 417, 419, 424

Weichhardt, 118, 124

Weigert, 363, 379, 399, 424, 523

Werigo, 281

Wernicke, 276, 446, 447

Widal, 257

Видаль. См. Шантемес

Widal and Le Sourd, 439

Widal and Sicard, 260, 261, 264, 439, 440, 450

Вуд. См. Вудхед

Woodhead and Wood, 323

Wright, 482

Wright and Leishman, 482

Вуншхайм. См. Фишль

Wurtz and Lermoyez, 410

Вурц. См. Штраус

Wyssokowitch, 43, 412, 485

Вызникивич. См. Ненцкий

Yersin, 468

Йерсен. См. Ру

Yersin, Borrel and Calmette, 487

Zabolotny, 95

Зеленый. См. Зильберберг

Ziegler, 519, 522

Zilberberg and Zeliony, 282

ПРЕДМЕТНЫЙ УКАЗАТЕЛЬ.

Abrin, 344, 345, 346, 401

Abrin intoxication, action of body fluids on, 365, 420;

leucocytic reaction against, 393, 401

Абсорбция. См. Резорбция

Acari, mechanical action of, 3

Акклиматизация. См. Адаптация

Acid reaction inside phagocytes, 83, 182

Acid, secretion of, in osmosis, 37, 566

Acidophile microbian flora of stomach, 418

Actinians, digestion in, 53, 82, 85

Actinodiastase, 57, 197

Actinophrys, 14, 18

Адаптация. См. также Иммунитет

Adaptation to toxic substances, 21–27, 30, 342, 390;

to saline solutions, 23, 30, 515;

to physical conditions, 26, 30–31;

of plasmodia to arsenious acid, 31;

of pancreatic secretion to kind of food, 64, 65;

of phagocytes to destroy micro-organisms, 281, 558, 566;

of animals to spinal concussion, etc., 564;

of cells, 513

Addiment (syn. Complement), 95

Agglutination in natural immunity, 202, 206;

and phagocytosis, 202, 242, 245;

in the diagnosis of typhoid, 256, 257, 261, 439;

its mechanism, 257;

of red blood corpuscles by serums, 258;

of red blood corpuscles by ricin, 360;

does not prevent growth of micro-organisms, 262

Agglutinative power, transmission by heredity or suckling, 450;

not developed parallel with bactericidal power, 483

Agglutinins in immunity, 242, 245, 256–265, 295, 542, 559;

characters of, 255, 559;

origin of, in immunised animal, 263–265, 294;

difference between fixatives and, 255, 265, 559;

not the same as protective substances, 268, 269, 294

Albuminoid substances, resorption of, 106–127

Алексины. См. также Цитазы

Alexins, 87–95, 96, 98, 184, 193, 255, 528, 533, 535, 539

Алиментарный канал. См. Кишечник

Alizarin sulpho-acid, 13, 83, 183

Alligator, 77, 143, 332, 401

Amboceptors (syn. fixatives), 91, 93, 297, 557

Ammocoetes, 77, 78

Amoeba, 14, 18, 23, 547, 549

Amoebo-diastase, 16, 197, 549

Амебоидные клетки. См. Лейкоциты и Фагоциты

Амфибии. См. Лягушка, Аксолотль

Amylase, 95;

in the urine, 65

Androctonus. См. Скорпион

Anopheles and malaria, 129

Antagonism between certain bacteria, 323

Anthrax, 11, 20, 21, 25, 41, 46, 180;

immunity of dog against, 149–151, 242;

acquired immunity of Scolopendra against, 209;

natural immunity of white rat against, 526;

protective serums against, 20, 276, 309–311;

phagolysis in acquired immunity against, 280;

immunisation against, by means of other bacteria, 323;

infection by inhalation, 412;

by ingestion, 423;

immunity against, transmitted to offspring, 445, 447;

vaccinations against, 208, 241, 468–471;

method, 470;

statistics, 471;

vaccination against, by heated anthrax blood, 507;

vaccines against, 208, 470, 509;

phagocytosis in, 521, 523

Anthrax bacillus, action on rabies, 150;

bactericidal action of blood serums on, 20, 146, 150, 151, 156, 157, 240;

increasing the virulence of, 150;

attenuation of, 208, 288;

eosinophile transformation in, 198;

protective thickening of bacterial membrane in, 242;

agglutination of, 203, 242, 260, 264;

natural immunity against, 132–140, 143, 147, 149–159, 511, 512;

acquired immunity against, 239–242, 276, 277;

antagonism between, and certain bacteria, 323;

fate of, in Algerian sheep, 512;

destruction of, by defibrinated blood, 525

Anthrax, symptomatic: immunity against bacilli of, 171;

heredity of immunity against, 452;

vaccinations against, 471–473;

phagocytosis in, 523

Antiabrin, 401

Anti-arsenic serum, 390

Anticytases, 112

Anticytase serum, 115, 371

Anticytotoxins, 110, 118, 122, 127, 360

Antidiastase, 109

Antidiastatic serums, 361

Anti-enzymes, 109

Antifixative, 112

Antihaemolysins, 111

Antihaemotoxins, 111, 119, 122

Антиинфекционный. См. Защитный

Antileucocidin, 359

Antineurotoxin, 116

Antirennet, 109

Antiricin, 360

Antisepsis, Nature replaces by asepsis, 432

Антисептики. См. также Токсины и Адаптация

Antiseptics and foods, 26

Antiseptic action of the gastric juice, 417

Antispermofixative, 124

Antispermotoxins, 116, 122–126

Antistreptococcic serum, 243–245

Antitetanin, nervous origin of, 390

Антитоксический. См. также Защитный

Antitoxic unit of Ehrlich, 373, 496;

action of non-specific and normal serums and of broth, 365;

function of the saliva, 417;

function of pepsin and other digestive ferments, 419, 424;

action of intestinal flora, 427;

property of the body fluids, 531 (see Body fluids, Serums);

power of the blood of new-born children, 445

Antitoxins, natural, in normal blood, 111, 204, 444;

rarity in body fluids in natural immunity, 204, 532, 533;

development of, during immunisation, 354;

properties of, 354;

present in various fluids of immunised animal, 355, 531;

mode of action of, on toxins, 356–362, 371;

conditions acting in mixtures of, with toxins, 362;

immunity against toxins not in direct constant ratio to amount of, 367–376;

effect of using serum from same species, 379;

hypothesis as to nature and origin of, 377–402, 562;

probable part played by phagocytes in production of, 400–402;

rapid regeneration of, after bleeding, 379;

augmentation in production of, by pilocarpin, 380;

transmission of, by milk to offspring, 449;

analogy of, with fixatives, 561;

hypersecretion of, 563

Antivenomous property of blood of scorpion, 328;

action of serums, 334, 338;

serum, action of, 334, 338, 358, 360

Aqueous humour, bactericidal action of, 184, 192;

in immunised animals contains no fixative, 217, 222;

in immunised animals contains antitoxin, 355

Arsenic; adaptation to, 31, 343, 390;

protective serum against, 390;

leucocytic reaction against, 396–399;

as a remedy against microbial disease, 513

Arsenic acid, action of, on anthrax bacillus, 25

Arsenious acid, adaptation of plasmodia to, 31

Arthropoda (Членистоногие). См. Платяная моль, Речной рак, Crustacea (Ракообразные), Daphnia (Дафния), Scolopendra (Сколопендра), Скорпион, Паук, Клещ

Arthrospores of Hueppe, 254

Ascaris, poor microbian flora in intestine of, 421;

phagocytic organs of, 547

Asepsis is Nature’s method, 432

Aspergillosis, 2, 4.

См. также Микозы

Atrophic diseases, probably due to a parasite, 3

Atropin, reaction of rabbit and guinea-pig to, 395, 396

Аттенуация (ослабление). См. также Вакцинация, Вакцины

Attenuation of micro-organisms and viruses, discovery and application of, 208, 247, 288, 508;

of micro-organisms by the fluids of immunised animals, 286–289;

of toxins, 344

Autodigestion in yeast, 197

Autospermotoxins, 101

Autotoxins, 104

Axolotl, susceptible to tetanus toxin, 330

Bacilli, anaerobic, natural immunity against, 169, 170

Bacillus aërogenes, agglutination in, 264

Bacillus chauraei. См. Эмфизематозный карбункул

Bacillus coli attacks potato, 35;

vaccination against, 267;

transformation of, into granules, 198;

modified growth on certain serums, 259

Bacillus of Doederlein, 429;

of Kiel water, 408

Bacillus pyocyaneus, 42, 180, 254, 528;

acquired immunity against, 210, 232–236, 301;

Pfeiffer’s phenomenon in, 234, 307;

special forms of growth in serums from vaccinated animals, 256;

agglutination of, 261, 307;

susceptibility to the toxins of, 290, 351;

action of specific serum on, 307, 358;

antagonistic to anthrax bacillus, 323;

immunisation against toxin of, 351;

a leucocidin from, 359;

action of liver on toxin of, 427;

heredity of immunity against toxin of, 446

Bacillus ranicida, 140

Бактерии. См. Микроорганизмы

Bactericidal action of serum, influence of alkalinity or acidity on, 196;

function of the tears, 408

Бактерицидное свойство. См. также Жидкости организма, Гуморальная теория, Сыворотки

Bactericidal property: in blood and other fluids, 20, 146, 150, 151, 156, 157, 184–193, 211, 226, 233, 238, 240, 241, 243, 244, 512, 525–531, 542, 554;

of body fluids, theory of osmotic pressure, 193, 213;

of extracts of glands and exudations, 195;

of the saliva, 415;

absence of, from the intestinal ferments, 424, 567;

of serums, Wright’s method of testing, 483;

does not develop parallel with agglutinative, 483;

and immunity, absence of parallelism, 554

Bactericidal substance (alexin, complement, cytase): in blood and other fluids, 184–193, 534;

source of, in body fluids, 185–193;

theory of leucocytic secretions, 187–191;

presence in body fluids due to phagolysis, 191;

is of phagocytic origin, 185, 192;

in body fluids, microphages source of, 187;

not resistant to heat, 268;

and so distinguished from protective substance, 268;

Pfeiffer’s theory of, 534

Бактериолиз. См. Микроорганизмы, разрушение

Bacteriolysis, analogy between haemolysis and, 537

Bat, immunity against tetanus of hibernating, 339

Baumès-Colles’ law in syphilis, 436

«Нормальная сыворотка» Беринга, 496

Bile, function of, 60;

salts protective against snake venom, 388;

protective function of, 424

Bipinnaria, 70, 518

Blastomycetes (Бластомицеты). См. также Дрожжевые клетки

Blastomycetes, resistance of Daphnia to, 131, 404, 520;

fate of, in refractory organism, 172;

acidophile, 418

Blood, pepsin in the, 66, 563;

precipitins in the, 68, 106, 107, 568;

fate of effusions of, 73;

bactericidal power of, 184 (see also Bactericidal, Serums);

natural antitoxins in normal, 111, 204, 444;

stimulant (protective) action of human, 271, 318;

immunity conferred by maternal, 447;

recognition of, in medico-legal research, 107, 568;

from convalescents, protective power of, 437, 441, 443;

агглютинация (см. Агглютинация)

Blood corpuscles, resorption of red, 47, 50, 56, 57, 70, 72, 79–100, 537 (see also Haemolysis);

fixation of cytase by red, 194;

agglutination of red, by serums, 258;

agglutination of red, by ricin, 360

Жидкости организма. См. также Бактерицидность, Кровь, Гуморальная теория, Сыворотки

Body fluids, natural immunity and the composition of, 128–131, 146;

in natural immunity, absence of antitoxic property in, 204;

bactericidal power of, 184–193, 512, 525–531, 542 (see also Body fluids, Serums);

antitoxic power of the, 204, 531, 533, 543;

protective properties of, 266–280

Boophilus bovis, 247

Bordet’s sensibilising substance, 91, 199, 298, 535, 537, 557

Botulism, protective action of fats against toxin of, 387;

action of digestive diastases on toxin of, 420

Bouchard’s theory of acquired immunity, 232, 286;

of attenuating power of serums, 286–289

Bouillon de panse, 473

Bovidae, acquired immunity of, against Texas fever, 247, 279;

protection of, against tetanus, 494;

vaccination of, against rinderpest, 425, 466–468;

against rabies, 466;

against anthrax, 470;

against symptomatic anthrax, 471;

against pleuropneumonia, 477–479;

ancient methods against pleuropneumonia in, 506

Broth as a protective fluid, 320, 321, 365

Buccal cavity, microbial products in the protection of the, 416;

flora of, 414

Buchner’s theory of immunity, 512, 527

Calf lymph vaccine, method of preparation, 456

Carassius. См. Золотая рыбка

Carmine, fixation of tetanus toxin by, 388, 394

Крупный рогатый скот. См. Bovidae (Полорогие)

Чума крупного рогатого скота. См. Чума рогатого скота

Кайман. См. Аллигатор

Cellular or histogenic immunity, 335, 336, 340, 563–565

Cellulosase, 86

Cerebral substance, action of emulsions of, on toxins, 386

Cerebral tetanus, 383, 391

Хемотаксис. См. также Гиперлейкоцитоз, Восприимчивость

Chemiotaxis in Infusoria, 19;

in plasmodia of the Myxomycetes, 30;

of duodenal mucous membrane, 64;

of phagocytes, 79, 108, 133, 167, 177, 280;

of leucocytes for rennet, &c., 119;

positive, in segmentation-cells of frog embryo, 565

Cholera antibody (fixative), 253, 267, 292

Cholera, Asiatic, protective power of blood of convalescents from, 441;

vaccinations against, 480–481

Cholera peritonitis, heredity of immunity against, 447, 448;

immunity of guinea-pig against, 533

Cholera toxin, alligator resistant to, 333;

immunisation against, 350;

action of normal serum of goat on, 365

Холерный вибрион. См. также Феномен Пфейффера, Вибрионы

Cholera vibrio, adaptation of, to bactericidal substance, 23;

susceptibility of larva of Rhinoceros beetle to, 40, 133;

immunity of frog against, 142;

of guinea-pig against, 163, 533;

extracellular destruction of, 165, 212 (see also Pfeiffer’s phenomenon);

eosinophile transformation in, 198;

arthrospores of, 254;

agglutination of, 261, 264;

protective action of serums against, 268, 271, 318;

of human blood against, 271, 318;

immunity to, is not insusceptibility to its toxin, 290;

origin of protective property against, 291;

protective action of various fluids against, 320;

antagonism between certain bacteria and, 324;

in stomach, 419, 567;

susceptible to acids in vitro, 419;

in intestine, 423, 567;

serum from animals immunised against, 532

Холестерин. См. также Жиры

Cholesterin, fixation of toxins by, 387;

fixation of saponin by, 389

Chytridium, 12

Cicatrisation of plants, 34

Clasmatocytes, 78

Clavelée (la). См. Оспа овец

Clavelisation against Sheep-pox, 460

Clothes-moths, micro-organisms absent from digestive canal of larvae of certain, 420

Coccobacillus prodigiosus. См. в разделе Micrococcus

Cockchafer larva, 70, 326

Complement of Ehrlich, 88, 91, 193, 251, 297

Complementoids of Ehrlich, 115

Concussion, spinal, adaptation to, 564

Conjunctiva, elimination of micro-organisms by the, 408;

absorption of toxins by the, 409

Copula of P. Müller, 91

Cornea, protective resistance by the, 409

Crayfish, susceptible to certain toxins, 345;

blood of, antitoxic against scorpion venom, 366;

poor intestinal flora of, 421

Crickets and micro-organisms, 41, 133;

natural immunity against toxins in, 329

Crustacea (Ракообразные). См. Речной рак, Daphnia (Дафния)

Crustacea, protective function of integument of, 404

Cyprinus. См. Золотая рыбка

Cytase of Laurent, 86

Cytases (syn. alexins, complements), 93, 98, 123;

elaborated by phagocytes, 197, 252, 539, 549–556;

thrown out into plasmas during phagolysis, 95, 99, 102, 197, 252, 551–554;

bactericidal power of, 183, 184, 191, 193–198, 217 (see also Bactericidal, Body fluids, Serums);

unity or plurality of, in same serum, 193, 197;

absorption of, 194, 200;

two kinds of, macrocytase and microcytase, 195, 296, 549;

characters of the, 197, 549;

enzymes other than, in phagocytes, 197;

in the immunised organism, 250–255, 296, 317, 554;

presence or absence of, how determined, 253;

Ehrlich’s and author’s views on, contrasted, 297;

compared with fixatives, 555

Cytotoxins, 105 (note), 110, 116

Daphnia, resistance of, to Blastomycetes, 131, 404, 520

Darwin on the extinction of the elephant, 8

Dermis, arrest of micro-organisms in the, 406

Desmon (of London), 91

Диастазы. См. Пищеварительные ферменты, Ферменты

Digestion in the higher animals, 49, 59–65;

psychical and nervous elements in, 62, 566;

extracellular, by secreted juices, 49, 58, 62;

the liver of the Mollusca as second organ of, 59;

in the tissues, 67;

and resorption closely related, 69, 85;

by macrophagic organs, 85, 150

Внутриклеточное пищеварение. См. также Фагоциты, Фагоцитоз, Резорбция

Digestion, intracellular, 48, 85, 517, 518, 520;

in the Protozoa, 13, 30, 49;

in Planarians, 49, 71, 82;

in Actinians, 53, 82, 85;

in Sponges, 69, 517;

transition from, to digestion by secreted juices, 49, 58

Digestive ferments, antitoxic function of, 424;

action of, on toxin of botulism, 420

Diphtheria, 7, 41, 132, 204;

antitoxic power of blood of convalescents from, 443;

antitoxic power against, in blood of healthy persons, 444;

and in blood of new-born children, 445;

heredity of immunity against, 445, 447, 448;

influence of anticytase serum on, 371;

vaccinations against, 495–503;

serum against, 495;

standardisation and testing of this serum, 496–498;

its protective and antitoxic powers do not develop in equal ratio, 497;

its prophylactic use, 498–503;

accidents during treatment, 499, 502;

statistics, 500–503

Diphtheria toxin, increased susceptibility of immunised guinea-pig to, 290;

natural immunity of rat and mouse against, 204, 339;

natural immunity of frog against, 330;

immunisation against, 344, 347, 349, 353;

attenuation of, 344;

preventive action of nucleohiston on, 365;

action of, on brain of laboratory animals, 386;

sets up local lesions in the conjunctiva, 409;

pepsin destroys, 419

Diplococcus pneumoniae. См. Пневмококк

Diseases, fear of, and pessimism, 1, 569;

atrophic, probably due to a parasite, 3;

mechanical element as etiological factor, 3;

toxic element as etiological factor, 4;

developed on the earth at a very early epoch, 8;

and extinction of species, 8;

infective, in multicellular plants, 29–39;

вызываемое грибками. См. Грибки

Dog, immunity of, against anthrax, 149–151, 242;

action of anthrax bacillus on rabid, 150;

immunity of, against streptococci, 167;

naturally refractory against a staphylococcus, 266;

bactericidal action of blood of, on anthrax bacillus, 150, 151, 156;

digestion of gelatine by leucocytes of, 108;

enterokynase in lymphoid organs of, 61;

digestive fluids of, 62–65;

disinfecting power of small intestine of, 422;

phagocytosis in, 149, 151;

haematozoon in, 279

Домашние животные, иммунизация против болезней. См. Bovidae (Полорогие), Собака, Коза, Лошадь, Свинья, Вакцины, Вакцинации

Dourine, 2, 247

Drepanidium, 515

Drugs, absorption of, by leucocytes, 400

Duodenum, chemiotaxis of mucous membrane of, 64

“Dust” cells, 75, 411–414

Сыворотка угря. См. также Ихтиотоксин

Eel’s serum, toxic action of, 20, 111, 563;

and precipitins, 68, 106

Effusions of blood, fate of, 73

Ehrlich’s neutral red reaction, 13, 83, 181;

classification of leucocytes, 74, 76–78;

theory of side-chains or receptors, 120, 381–384, 538, 557, 562–563;

compared with theory of phagocytes, 296–299, 538, 558;

“immunising unit,” 373, 496

Elephant, extinction of, 8

Elimination of micro-organisms from the body, 43, 46;

by the epidermis, 406;

by the conjunctiva, 408;

by the nasal mucosa, 410

Emys. См. Черепаха

Endo-enzymes, 197

Endotrypsin of yeast, 197

Enterokynase, 59, 98

Энзимы. См. Ферменты

Eosinophile leucocytes, secretion by, in bacteriolysis, 187, 542

Eosinophile staining reaction, 198

Epidermis, exfoliation of the, 406

Ernst’s bacillus, immunity of frog against, 140

Рожа. См. Рожа свиней

Erysipelas, immunity in, 434

Erysipelas streptococcus, protective action of, against anthrax, 323;

its use in malignant tumours, 434

Экскреция. См. также Элиминация

Excretion in relation to micro-organisms, 43, 432;

of pepsin in the urine, 65;

of pepsin in the blood, 66, 563

Exfoliation of the epidermis, 406

Exudations, bactericidal power of, 185, 193, 195

Farcy, slow evolution of, 406

Fats, protective action of, against toxins, 387

Ферменты. См. также Кишечные, Пищеварительные, Фибрин-фермент, Желудочный сок, Слюна, Трипсин

Ferments, Pasteur on the organised nature of, 2;

soluble (diastases or enzymes), in digestion, 49, 55, 57, 108, 109, 197;

antitoxic function of digestive, 424;

phagocytic, 197, 549–559;

hypersecretion of, 563

Fibrin ferment (plasmase), 95, 197, 550

Рыбы. См. Золотая рыбка

Fishes, phagocytosis in, 135

Fixatives (immunising body, or amboceptor, or sensibilising substance), 88, 92–95, 97, 98, 103–105, 199–202, 296;

synonyms of, 91;

analogy of, with enterokynase, 98;

presence of, in plasmas, 103, 112–114, 217;

in protective serums, 269, 438;

in mesenteric glands, 98;

in spermotoxins, 101;

origin of, 103, 294, 537, 556–559;

specificity of, 88, 105, 216, 251, 253, 296;

rarity of, in normal fluids, 199–201, 250;

method of determining whether present in a serum, 199;

absent from aqueous humour of immunised animals, 217, 222, 251;

in the immunised organism, 250–255;

properties of, 251, 253, 255, 554;

differ from agglutinative substances, 255, 265, 559;

relation of, to phagocytosis, 291, 295;

part played by, in Pfeiffer’s phenomenon, 251, 295;

and protective substances closely connected, 269, 294, 295, 561;

compared with cytases, 555;

mechanism of action of, 557

Food substances, absorption of, by other channel than alimentary canal, 67

Foods and antiseptics, 26

Foreign bodies, fate of, in organism, 46, 52, 55, 56, 517

Formed elements, resorption of the, 47, 67–105

Fowl, immunity of, against anthrax, 144, 159;

phagocytosis in, 144, 282;

bactericidal action of plasma of, on anthrax, 146;

blood serum of, and tetanus, 204;

immunity of, against tetanus, 204;

natural immunity of, against tetanus toxin, 335;

influence of removal of parts of brain and cord on tetanus in, 384

Fowl cholera, infection of laboratory animals with, 181;

vaccine against, 208;

phagocytosis in, 282;

action of exudations of fowls vaccinated against, 288;

acquired immunity against, 288, 508;

failure of bacillus of, to grow in certain media, 510

Friedländer’s bacillus prevents infection by anthrax, 323

Frog, phagocytosis in, 137, 142;

immunity of, against anthrax, 137;

against Ernst’s bacillus, 140;

against bacillus of mouse septicaemia, 141;

against cholera vibrio, 142;

acquired immunity of, against pyocyanic disease, 210, 301;

natural immunity of, against tetanus toxin, 330;

against diphtheria toxin, 330;

immunisation of, against abrin, 345;

absorption of tetanus toxin by brain of, 386

Frog embryo, positive chemiotaxis in segmentation-cells of, 565

Fungi, diseases set up by, 2, 4, 18, 32, 131, 135, 404

(см. также Аспергиллез, Микозы)

Галактоза. См. Молочный сахар

Вибрион Гамалеи. См. Vibrio metchnikovi

Gastric juice, antiseptic action of, 417;

psychic influence on, 63, 566.

См. Пепсин

Gelatine, resorption of, 107

Бацилла Жентильи. См. Пневмоэнтерит

Gerbil, tubercle in, 22, 183

Goat, action of normal serum of, on cholera toxin, 365;

vaccination of, against rabies, 466;

acquired immunity in, 563

Goldfish, 72, 135

Септицемия гусей. См. Spirochaete anserina

“Greek method” of variolisation against small-pox, 507

Gruber’s theory of immunity, 256, 262

Guinea-pig, immunity of, against spirilla, 160, 162;

against vibrios, 163, 211–227, 275, 287, 531, 533;

against streptococci, 165;

against tetanus bacillus, 169;

against symptomatic anthrax, 171;

against Trypanosomata, 173;

acquired immunity against spirilla of recurrent fever, 227–230;

against typhoid, 191, 230;

against Bacillus pyocyaneus, 234–236;

against anthrax, 276, 277;

phagocytosis in, 162, 163, 166, 170, 223;

hypersusceptibility of immunised, to diphtheria toxin, 290;

protective power of serum of immunised, 293;

effect of removal of spleen of, 293;

antivenomous action of serum of, 338;

immunisation of, against cholera toxin, 351;

increasing natural susceptibility of, to toxins, 369, 370;

reaction of, to atropin, 396

Кроветворные органы. См. также Лимфоидные органы

Haematopoietic organs as source of protective substance, 292–294

Haematozoa (Кровяные паразиты). См. Piroplasma (Пироплазма), Trypanosoma (Трипаносома)

Haematozoon in dog closely allied to that of Texas fever, 279

Гемолиз. См. также Кровяные тельца, резорбция

Haemolysis, 79–100, 111, 112, 537;

the two substances which act in, 88, 98, 538;

analogy between bacteriolysis and, 537

Haemomacrophages, 76, 136

Haptophore atomic group in a toxin, 120, 350, 384

Hedgehog, natural immunity of, against poisons and venoms, 337

Helix pomatia, 70, 134

Heredity of immunity, 445–453, 513

Herpestes. См. Мангуст

Hibernation, effects on resistance to toxins, 339

Hippocampus, 135

Histogenic immunity, 336

(см. Иммунитет, клеточный)

Hog cholera, resemblance of bacillus of, to that of pneumo-enteritis, 259;

serum of animals vaccinated against, 260;

agglutination in, 260;

protective action of serums against, 272;

susceptibility of vaccinated animals to the toxin, 290

Лошадь. См. также Дифтерия

Horse, acquired immunity against cholera vibrio, 222;

against streptococci, 244, 245, 313;

local reaction to tetanus toxin in, 352;

immunised, with poor yield in antitoxin, 373, 375;

reaction of, to one unit of toxin, 378;

antitoxic power of serum of normal, 380;

phagocytosis in, 245, 313;

antivenomous action of serum of, 338;

vaccination of, against rabies, 466;

vaccination of, against anthrax, 470;

protective serum against tetanus in, 493

Humoral phenomena in immunity, 184, 250, 290, 437–440, 525–531, 542, 543

Humoral theories of immunity, 184, 525–531, 542, 543;

attempts to reconcile with theory of phagocytes, 539

Гуморы (жидкости). См. Жидкости организма, Сыворотки

Гиперлейкоцитоз. См. также Хемотаксис

Hyperleucocytosis during immunisation, 352, 393

Hypersecretion, 563 (see Receptors)

Hypersusceptibility to toxins in immunised animals, 290, 368–374, 564

Hyphomycetes, diseases caused by, 2

Hypopyon, pus of, 96

Ichthyotoxin, 110, 120, 121, 122, 326, 360

(см. также Сыворотка угря)

Иммунизация. См. Иммунитет, приобретенный, искусственный и временный, Вакцинация

Immunisation against toxins, principal methods of, 345–350;

by unmodified toxins, 345–346;

by modified toxins, 347;

by mixtures of toxin and antitoxin, 348;

by toxones and toxoids, 349;

phenomena produced during, 352–354

Immunising body of Ehrlich, 91, 251;

unit of Ehrlich, 373, 496

Immunity, historical sketch, 505–543;

summary, 544–569;

by attenuated micro-organisms, 2;

predisposition or absence of, 7;

against infective diseases, 9;

definition of, 10;

against micro-organisms, 10, 41, 42, 128–206, 207–324;

against toxins, 10, 41, 42, 325–341, 342–402;

not same as against micro-organisms, 290, 351;

in unicellular organisms, 11–28;

in multicellular plants, 29–39;

in plants, action of manures on, 36;

in the animal kingdom, 40–66;

cellular or histogenic, 335, 336, 340, 563–565;

active (Ehrlich), 378 = isopathic immunity (von Behring);

passive (Ehrlich), 378, 453 = antitoxic immunity (von Behring);

passive against micro-organisms, 300–324, 560;

isopathic (von Behring), 378;

antitoxic (von Behring), 378;

of the skin, 403–407;

of the mucous membranes, 407–432;

susceptibility in, 565 (see also Hypersusceptibility, Susceptibility);

channel of entrance in, 567;

applications of theory of, to medical practice and to the research of new organisms, 567–569

Immunity, natural: 10, 17, 18, 30;

amongst Invertebrates, 40, 131–135;

amongst Vertebrata, 41, 135–174;

against micro-organisms, 128–174, 175–206;

and composition of body fluids, 128–131;

against anaerobic bacteria, 169, 170;

part played by inflammation in, 176;

importance of microphages in, 177;

humoral theory of, 184;

agglutination in, 202, 206;

against toxins, 325–341

Immunity, acquired: 10, 19, 31;

against micro-organisms, 207–249, 250–299;

against vibrios, 211–227;

against pyocyanic disease, 210, 232–236, 301;

against spirilla of recurrent fever, 227–230;

against typhoid bacillus, 230;

against swine erysipelas, 236–239;

against anthrax, 239–242;

against streptococcus, 243–247;

against Trypanosomata, 247–249, 316;

against staphylococcus, 266

Immunity, rapid and temporary: against micro-organisms, 300–324;

conferred by specific serums, 301–317;

conferred by normal serums, 317–320;

conferred by fluids other than serums, 320–322;

conferred by non-specific micro-organisms, 322–324

Immunity, artificial, against toxins, 342–402;

against bacterial toxins, 343;

against vegetable toxins, 344, 365;

against snake venom, 345;

not in direct ratio to amount of antitoxin in body fluids, 367–376

Immunity acquired by natural means, 433–453;

acquired after recovery from infective diseases, 433–444;

acquired by heredity, 445–453;

conferred by maternal blood, 447;

by the yolk, 449;

by the milk of the mother, 449

Immunity, acquired: amongst Invertebrata, 209–210;

amongst Vertebrata, 210–249;

relation of Pfeiffer’s phenomenon to, 224;

Bouchard’s theory of, 232, 286;

double action of cytases and fixatives in, 250–255, 296, 554;

agglutinative substances in, 242, 245, 256–265, 295, 542, 559;

protective properties of body fluids in, 266–280;

phagocytosis in, 220, 223–226, 245, 280–286, 295;

origin of fixative properties in body fluids in, 294;

relation between fixatives and phagocytosis in, 291, 295;

humoral phenomena in, 184, 250, 290, 525–531, 542, 543;

bactericidal power of fluids in, 250;

Gruber’s theory of, 256, 262;

against micro-organisms, susceptibility to the specific toxin in, 289;

principal phenomena associated with, 295–296;

against micro-organisms in no ratio to protective power of blood, 372–374;

by suckling, mouse the only animal in which, 450, 452;

theory of exhaustion of nutrient medium as cause of, 510–512;

theory of presence of inhibitory substance, 511, 512;

theory of local inflammatory reaction, 512;

theory of adaptation of cells in, 513;

theory of phagocytes in, 514–525, 539–543;

theory of bactericidal power of body fluids, 525–531, 542, 543;

theory of antitoxic power of body fluids, 531;

theory of extracellular destruction of micro-organisms by leucocytic secretions, 187–191, 533–537, 542;

theory of side-chains, 120, 381–384, 538, 557, 562–563;

present phase of the question of, 540–543

Immunproteidin of Emmerich and Löw, 254

Infection, agents, mechanical and other, that prevent or aid, 3–5, 170–173, 426

(см. также Болезни, Элиминация, Микроорганизмы)

Inflammation in immunity, 176, 512;

Cohnheim on, 518;

and phagocytosis, 516, 519–520, 547, 568

Influenza bacillus, cultivation of, in body fluids, 130, 554;

vaccination against, 277

Infusoria (Инфузории). См. также Trypanosoma (Трипаносома)

Infusoria, 12–20, 23, 26, 326

Инокуляция. См. Иммунизация, Вакцинация

Insects, natural immunity in, 132, 326, 329;

acquired immunity in, 209;

protective lining of digestive canal of, 421

Insusceptibility of cells of refractory animals, 341

Integument of Invertebrata, protective function of, 404

Intermediary body, 88, 91, 296, 557

Intestine, protective function of the, 422;

microbian flora of, 420;

antitoxic action of this flora, 427

Intestinal ferments, absence of microbicidal power from, 424, 567;

intestinal micro-organisms, favouring and retarding functions of, 426;

destruction of toxins by, 427

Invertebrata, natural immunity in the, 40, 131–135, 326–329;

acquired immunity in the, 209–210, 301;

immunisation of, by specific serums, 301;

protective function of integument of, 404

Iodine trichloride in immunisation, 347

Iron, absorption of, by leucocytes, 399

Irritability, part played by, 18, 27 (see also Susceptibility);

in plants, 38

Isaria, resistance to infection by, 329

Koch’s phenomenon in tuberculosis, 437

Kupffer’s cells, 75

Leprosy, etiological factors in, 4

Leprosy bacillus, 75, 411

Leucocidin, and its neutralisation, 359

Лейкоциты. См. также Фагоциты

Leucocytes (amoeboid cells) in resorption, 47, 73, 175, 514, 515;

adaptation of, to virulent bacteria, an education, 281;

various categories of, 74–79;

soluble ferments of, 95;

chemiotaxis of, 119, 177;

theory of bactericidal secretions by, 187–191, 533–537, 539, 540, 542;

action of leucocidin on, 359;

absorption of poisons by, 393–400;

situations where there are no pre-existing, 551

Lily of the valley, acquired immunity in, 513, 515

Liver, serum against cytotoxin acting on, 116;

protective function of the, 427;

of Mollusca an organ of second digestion, 59

Lizard, resistance of, to tetanus toxin, 332

Lugol’s solution in immunisation, 347

Lupus, slow growth of, 406

Лимфоциты. См. также Лейкоциты, Фагоциты

Lymphocytes, 76, 78

Лимфоидные органы. См. также Кроветворные органы, Фагоцитарные органы

Lymphoid organs, protective function of the, 428;

as source of sensibilising substance (fixative), 537

Lymphomacrophages, 76

Macrocytase (alexin, complement), 86, 98, 105, 112, 196, 549;

analogy of, with actinodiastase, 86;

escape of, during phagolysis, 95, 99, 102, 552;

presence of, in spermotoxin, 101;

origin of, 103;

active for resorption of animal cells, 196, 197, 296;

in extracellular solution of red corpuscles, 552

Macrophages, 76, 77, 79, 547;

the part they play in resorption, 80–100, 176;

staining reactions of, 77;

in phagocytosis, 144, 148, 154, 157, 161, 162, 164, 173, 184, 228, 245, 321, 548;

act more especially in resorption of animal cells, 176, 196, 548;

but intervene specially against human tubercle bacillus in pigeon, 148;

against spirilla, 162, 177, 228;

and against streptococci, 245;

not source of bactericidal substance in body fluids, 187;

part played by, in arsenic poisoning, 397;

the principal source of antitoxin, 401;

of skin, reaction of, against micro-organisms, 407

Macrophagic organs, digestive property of, 85, 150

Malaria, immunity against, 129, 278;

protective action of serum in, 278;

immunity acquired after, 434

Manures, influence on plant diseases, 36

Marmot, immunity of hibernating, against tetanus, 339

Martin’s broth (bouillon de panse), 473

Massowah vibrio, acquired immunity against, 221;

action of specific serum on, 305

Mastzellen, 77

Membranes, protective secretion of, by bacteria, 21, 242

Meriones shawii, 22, 183

Mesenteric glands, 62, 85, 98, 195

Mesoderm, function of amoeboid cells of, 518

Микробицидный. См. Бактерицидный

Micrococcus prodigiosus, 42, 45;

antagonistic to anthrax bacillus, 323;

action of vaginal mucus on, 430

Microcytase digests bacteria, 196, 197, 296, 550;

in immunity, 218;

escape of, during phagolysis, 218, 222, 230, 295, 554;

transforms vibrios into granules, 552;

action of, on Vibrio metchnikovi, 553

Micro-organisms, minuteness of certain pathogenic, 3;

variability in action of, 5;

staining reactions of, 13, 83, 181, 183, 198, 213;

immunity by attenuated, 2, 509;

pathogenic, in healthy persons, 7;

adaptation of, to toxic substances, 21, 25;

protective secretion of membranes by, 21, 242;

defence in plants against, 35;

defences of animals against, 545;

elimination of, from the body, 43, 46 (see also Elimination);

resorption of, 46, 175, 546;

antidiastase against enzymes of, 109;

natural immunity against pathogenic, 128–174, 175–206;

acquired immunity against pathogenic, 207–249, 250–299, 300–324;

anaerobic, immunity against, 169, 170;

pathogenic animal, 2, 173, 247–249, 277–279, 316;

destruction of, an act of resorption, 175, 206 (see Bacteriolysis);

presence of, in white corpuscles, 514;

adaptation of phagocytes to destroy, 558, 566;

mode of entry into phagocytes, 177;

digested by phagocytes, 181, 514–525, 536, 539–543 (see Phagocytes, Phagocytosis);

transformation into spherical granules, 198 (see also Pfeiffer’s phenomenon);

extracellular destruction of, 165, 212, 533–537, 542;

modified growth in serums from immunised animals, 256, 259 (see also Agglutination);

specific diagnosis of, by modified growth, 256, 259;

agglutination does not prevent growth of, 262;

changes which they undergo in immunised animal, 289;

attenuation of, 208, 286–289, 508;

adjuvant and retarding functions of, 170, 426;

antagonism between anthrax and certain, 323;

antagonism between cholera vibrio and certain, 324;

acidophile, 418;

exfoliation of epidermis to get rid of, 406;

localisation and arrest of, in the dermis, 406;

destruction of toxins by, 427

Microphages, 77, 78, 79, 148, 152, 154, 162, 164, 172, 185, 245, 548;

intervene specially against micro-organisms and in acute infections, 177, 196, 206, 549;

source of bactericidal substance in body fluids, 187, 195;

granular transformation of vibrios inside, 164, 165, 224

(см. также Феномен Пфейффера)

Microsphaera, 18

Milk, absorption of, 107;

precipitins in the differentiation of various kinds of, 107, 568;

of immunised animals, antitoxin in, 356;

immunity conferred by mother’s, 449, 450, 452;

transmission of agglutinative power by, 450

Milk-sugar, adaptation of yeasts to, 26

Mithridates, method of protecting himself against poisons, 343

Mollusca (Моллюски). См. также Helix (Улитка), Phyllirhoë, Thetys

Mollusca, natural immunity in, 134;

liver of, an organ of second digestion, 59

Mongoose, immunity of, against snake venom, 339

Monkeys, immunised, with poor yield in antitoxin, 373;

immunisation of, against diphtheria toxin, 373;

transient acquired immunity against recurrent fever, 434

Monospora, parasite of Daphnia disease, 131, 404, 520

Morphia, adaptation to, 343

Mouse, infection of, by swine erysipelas, 270, 307, 476;

the only animal that acquires immunity by suckling, 450, 452;

acquired immunity of, against typhoid, 230;

natural immunity of, against diphtheria toxin, 204, 339

Mouse septicaemia, immunity of frog against, 141;

phagocytosis in, 283;

acquired immunity of rabbit against, 509

Рот. См. Ротовая полость

Mucous membranes, immunity of the, 407–432;

elimination of micro-organisms by the nasal, 410;

protective function of the genital, 429

Mycoses, pulmonary, 413

(см. также Аспергиллез)

Mygale. См. Пауки

Myriapoda (Многоножки). См. Scolopendra (Сколопендра)

Myxomycetes, plasmodia of, 30, 545

Naegeli’s theory of immunity, 512

Nagana disease, 2, 4, 247, 316

(см. Trypanosoma)

Наркоз. См. Опиум

Nasal mucous membrane, elimination of organisms by, 410

Nepenthes, digestive juice of, 355

Nerve centres, susceptibility of, to toxins, 564

Neuroglia cells, their phagocytic function, 75

Neurotoxin, 116

Neutral red, reaction of, 13, 83, 181

Nuclein as a protective substance, 320;

vaccinal against plague, 490

Nucleohiston, preventive action of, on diphtheria toxin, 365

Nutrition, certain diseases of, probably due to a parasite, 3;

extra-buccal, 67, 69

Oidium albicans, growth of, in serum of immunised animals, 257

Omentum, glands of, 85;

bactericidal power of extracts of, 195;

phagocytosis of vibrios in, 224

Opium, its action on leucocytes, 225, 231, 236, 306, 307;

its influence on immunisation by specific serums, 306;

resistance of hedgehog to, 337

Oryctes nasicornis. См. Жук-носорог

Osmotic pressure, adaptation of plants to, 37, 39, 566;

as cause of bactericidal action of body fluids, 193, 213

Ovum in the Graafian follicle, immunity acquired by the, 448

Oxalic acid, function of, in plants, 37, 566

Oxydases, 96

Pancreatic digestion, 60, 63, 65

Pancreatic juice, antitoxic power of, 424

Pancreatic secretion, its adaptation to kind of food, 64, 65

Paralysis, general progressive, and syphilis, 435

Paramaecia, 13, 16, 17, 19

Parasites in infective diseases, 2, 9

(см. также Микроорганизмы)

Pasteur’s theory of exhaustion of nutrient medium, 510–512;

anthrax vaccines, 208, 470;

modification of Willems’ method against pleuropneumonia, 477;

vaccines against rabies, 462, 463–464;

and Thuillier’s vaccines against swine erysipelas, 208, 473, 509

Pepsin in the urine, 65, 97;

in the blood, 66, 563;

antitoxic function of, 419;

antiseptic action of, 417;

chemical composition of, 109

Pessimism and fear of disease, 1, 569

Peyer’s patches, 61;

protective function of, 428

Peziza. См. Sclerotinia

Pfaundler’s reaction, 259

Pfeiffer’s phenomenon in cholera vibrio, 165, 192, 212–226, 251, 267, 268, 280, 301–307, 534–536;

in spirillum of recurrent fever, 229;

in typhoid bacillus, 230, 303, 304;

in Bacillus pyocyaneus, 234, 307;

different in immunised and in normal fluids, 251;

conditions for its manifestation, 252, 253, 295, 534

Pfeiffer’s theory of immunity, 534

Phagocytes (See also Leucocytes), amoeboid cells with digestive function, 7, 182, 547;

in Sponges, 69;

in Vertebrata, 73;

various categories of, 74–79;

of Bipinnaria and Phyllirhoë, 70;

chemiotaxis of, 79, 108, 133, 167, 177, 280;

the source of the haemolytic ferment, 100;

of osseous fishes, 135;

of frog, 137;

ingest living and virulent bacteria, 142, 177, 179–181, 558, 566;

function of, 151, 157, 177, 181, 206, 547, 548, 566;

mode of entry of microorganisms into, 177;

acid reaction inside, 83, 182;

action of opium on, 225, 231;

theory of, and side-chain theory compared, 296–299, 538;

in defence of animal against poisons, 393–400;

in production of antitoxin, 400–402;

in the defence of the skin, 407;

attempts to reconcile theory of, with humoral theory, 539;

history of theory of, 514–525, 539–543;

stimulant action of, 532

Phagocytic crisis of Bordet, 314;

ferments, 549–558;

function of neuroglia cells, 75;

organs, 85, 150, 292, 293, 537;

of cricket, 133;

of Ascaris, 547

Phagocytosis in osseous fishes, 135;

in frogs, 137, 142;

in fowl, 144, 282;

in dog, 149, 151;

in rat, 154, 157;

in guinea-pig, 162, 163, 166, 170, 223;

in horse, 245, 313;

in rabbit, 159, 167, 169, 233, 239, 314;

effect of removal of spleen on, 150;

agents that prevent, 170–173 (see also Opium);

neutralisation of toxins not necessary for, 205, 289;

and agglutination, 202, 242, 245;

ensures natural immunity, 206;

action of opium on, 225, 231, 236, 306, 307;

action of rabbit’s serum on, 231;

in acquired immunity, 220, 223–226, 245, 280–286, 295, 313;

relation to fixatives in acquired immunity, 291, 295;

in the immunity conferred by specific serums, 303–317;

history of, and of the theory of phagocytes, 514–525, 539–543;

its application in surgery, 568

Phagolysis, 80, 99, 165;

prevention of, 99, 218, 219, 220, 230, 252, 304;

its relation to extracellular destruction of bacteria and Pfeiffer’s phenomenon, 218–220, 230, 280, 295, 534;

escape of cytases during, 95, 99, 102, 191, 197, 252, 551–554, 560

Philocytase, 91, 92

Phloridzin, its action on natural immunity, 150

Phyllirhoë, two modes of digestion in, 58;

resorption by phagocytes of, 70

Свинья. См. также Swine (Свиньи)

Pig, protection of, against tetanus, 493

Pigeon, immunity of, against anthrax, 146;

immunity of, against human tuberculosis, 147;

immunity of, against influenza bacillus, 130, 554;

its blood best culture medium for influenza bacillus, 130, 554;

susceptible to swine erysipelas, 476;

protective power of serum of, immunised against anthrax, 276, 277, 288;

vaccination of, against anthrax, 276, 277

Pilocarpin augments production of antitoxin, 380

Piroplasma bigeminum, 247, 279

Plague, bubonic, rapid immunisation by serum, 312;

protective influence of broth against, 321;

production of antitoxic serum by, 401;

infection by, through the nasal cavity, 409, 411;

vaccinations against, 486–492;

serum treatment in, 490–492;

immunity against, when acquired and duration, 488, 489;

statistics on vaccinations against, 488;

prophylactic treatment against, 491;

Reports of German and English Commissions on, 489

Planarians, digestion in, 49, 71, 82

Plants, immunity in multicellular, 29–39;

cicatrisation of, 34;

and osmotic pressure, 37, 39, 566;

ravages of Sclerotinia amongst cultivated, 32;

action of manures on immunity of cultivated, 36;

function of oxalic acid in, 37, 566

Plasma, Gengou’s method of preparing, 157, 190

Плазмы. См. также Жидкости организма, Сыворотки

Plasmas, presence of fixatives in, 103;

bactericidal power of, 190, 543

Plasmase (fibrin ferment), 95, 197, 550

Plasmodia, intracellular digestion in, 30, 545;

chemiotaxis of, 30;

adaptation of, to poisons, 30

Pleuropneumonia, bacterium of, 3, 130, 478, 569;

vaccinations against, 477–479;

action of serum from animals immunised against, 479;

vaccinal methods used by savage races against, 506

Pneumococcus, modified growth of, in serums from immunised animals, 256, 262;

vaccination against, 262;

attenuated by serums from vaccinated animals, 287;

agglutination of, 287

Pneumo-enteritis of swine, cocco-bacillus of, 259;

action of serum of vaccinated rabbits on bacillus of, 260, 266, 287, 532;

acquired immunity against, 260, 275, 311, 532

Pneumonia, fibrinous, relapses separated by periods of immunity, 434

Яды. См. также Токсины

Poisons, absorption of, by leucocytes, 393–400

Polyphagus euglenae, 12

Potato attacked by Bacillus coli, 35

Precipitins in the blood serum, 68, 106, 107;

use of, in medico-legal investigations, 107, 568;

and in the differentiation of various kinds of milk, 107, 568

Predisposition or absence of immunity, 7

Preventive substances of Bordet (syn. fixatives), 266

Profetta, law of, 453

Защитное или антиинфекционное свойство. См. также Антитоксическое, Антитоксины, Кровь, Жидкости организма, Сыворотки

Protective property, origin of, in serums and other fluids, 291–294;

differs from agglutinative, 268, 269, 294;

of blood and other fluids in convalescents, 437–444

Protective action of normal serums, 317–320;

of fats against toxins, 387;

of leucocytes against poisons, 393–400;

of flow of a fluid, 431

Protective function of the skin, 404–407;

in the respiratory channels, 411–414;

of the cornea, 409;

of the saliva, 415;

of the intestine, 422;

of the bile, 424;

of the liver, 427;

of the lymphoid organs, 428;

of the suprarenal capsules, 431;

in the urinary organs, 431

Protective substance resistant to heat, 268;

and so distinguished from bactericidal substance, 268;

closely connected with fixative substance, 269, 294, 295, 561

Protective vaccinations, 454–504

Proteus vulgaris, susceptibility of leucocytes to, 166, 179, 201, 282;

eosinophile transformation in, 198;

modified growth in certain serums, 259

Protozoa, intracellular digestion in the, 13, 30, 49;

adaptation of, to saline solutions, 23, 515;

and to physical conditions, 26

Prussic acid, antidote to, 363

Pseudo-diphtheria bacilli, 444

Pseudo-eosinophile leucocytes, secretion by, 187, 542

Pseudo-immunity or resistance, 320

Pus, ferment in, 96

Pyrogallic acid, its action on natural immunity, 150

Rabbit, immunity of, against anthrax bacillus, 159;

against streptococci, 167, 168;

against tetanus bacillus, 169;

against cholera vibrio, 424;

against pleuropneumonia, 569;

acquired immunity of, against pyocyanic disease, 232;

against swine erysipelas, 236–239, 527;

against anthrax, 239, 323;

against streptococcus, 243–247, 284–286, 312, 314;

against pneumo-enteritis, 260, 266, 275, 311, 532;

against pneumococcus, 262;

against a staphylococcus, 266;

against hog cholera, 290;

against mouse septicaemia, 509;

phagocytosis in, 159, 167, 169, 233, 239, 314, 569;

infection by streptococci in, 283;

action of serum of vaccinated, on bacillus of pneumo-enteritis, 287;

action of agglutinated pneumococci on, 287;

vaccinated against hog cholera susceptible to its toxin, 290;

immunised against anthrax by means of the erysipelas coccus, 323;

immunised against anthrax by products of Bacillus pyocyaneus, 323;

infection by anthrax prevented by Friedländer’s bacillus, 323;

brain of, very susceptible to action of tetanus toxin, 383;

reaction of, to atropin, 395

Rabies, action of anthrax bacillus on, 150;

action of normal ox serum on, 365;

action of bile on, 425;

heredity of immunity against, 446;

vaccinations against, 461–466;

statistics of vaccinations against, 464–466;

in domestic animals, vaccinations against, 466

Rat, immunity of, against anthrax bacillus, 152, 526;

against diphtheria bacillus, 204;

acquired immunity against Trypanosomata, 247–249, 316;

against anthrax, 240;

natural immunity of, against diphtheria toxin, 204, 339;

bactericidal ferment of phagocytes of, 20, 157;

phagocytosis in, 154, 157

Receptors, 93, 120, 296;

over-production of, 121, 296, 562;

antitoxic and philotoxic functions of, 120;

теория, см. Боковая цепная теория

Возвратная лихорадка. См. Spirilla (Спириллы), Spirochaete obermeyeri

Recurrent fever, transient acquired immunity against, 434

Rennet, 109, 119

Reptilia (Рептилии). См. Аллигатор, Черепаха, Змея, Ящерица

Reptilia, natural immunity of, against tetanus toxin, 331–334

Resistance to disease, 8–10.

См. Иммунитет, Псевдоиммунитет

Resorption of micro-organisms, 46, 175 (see also Immunity, cellular, Micro-organisms);

of the formed elements, 47, 67–105;

a true intracellular digestion, 85, 296;

of cells in the Invertebrata, 70;

of red corpuscles by phagocytes of the Vertebrata, 72, 80 (see also Phagocytes, Phagocytosis);

роль макрофагов в (см. Макрофаги);

and digestion closely related, 69, 85;

of spermatozoa, 84, 100;

of white corpuscles, 84 (see also Leucocytes, Phagocytes);

of albuminoid substances, 106–127;

of cells and the phenomena in acquired immunity, 296

Respiratory channels, protection by the, 411–414;

absorption of poisons by the, 414

Rhinoceros beetle, natural immunity in larvae of, 132, 209, 326, 329;

susceptibility to cholera vibrio, 40, 133

Ricin, 344, 360, 446, 449

Rinderpest, action of bile on, 425, 466;

vaccinations against, 466–468;

Koch’s method of vaccination against, 466;

Kolle and Turner’s method of “simultaneous vaccinations” against, 467

Ring-worm, mechanical factor in, 4

Robin (toxalbumin of Robinia pseudacacia), 365;

serum of animals vaccinated against, antitoxic, 365;

heredity of immunity against, 446

Saccharomyces. См. Дрожжи

Saline solution (physiological) as a protective fluid, 320, 365

Saliva, microbicidal property of the, 415;

antitoxic function of, on snake venom, 417;