Ральф Бартон Перри

«Подход к философии»

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Кэрд, Эдвард: «Критическая философия Канта». (Изложение и интерпретация с точки зрения позднего идеализма.)

Эверетт, К. К.: «Наукоучение Фихте».

Мак-Таггарт, Дж. М. Э.: «Исследования по гегелевской диалектике». «Исследования по гегелевской космологии».

СНОСКИ:

[434:A] For further contemporary writings on this topic, see foot-notes under §§ 199, 200, 203.

[436:A] Историю философии см. в дополнительной библиографии в конце.

[437:A] Метафизику Аристотеля, Фихте и Гегеля английскому читателю следует искать главным образом во вторичных источниках.

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ ПО ИСТОРИИ ФИЛОСОФИИ.

I. ОБЩАЯ.

Роджерс: «Студенческая история философии». (Элементарная и ясная; обильные цитаты.)

Вебер: «История философии». Перевод Тилли. (Всеобъемлющая и компактная.)

Виндельбанд: «История философии». Перевод Тафтса. (Акцент на проблемах и их развитии.)

Эрдман: «История философии». Перевод под ред. Хафа; в трех томах. (Детальное и точное изложение.)

Юбервег: «История философии». Перевод Морриса и Портера, в двух томах. (Очень полная; отличный обзор литературы.)

II. СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ПЕРИОДЫ.

Феррье: «Лекции по греческой философии». (Отличное введение.)

Маршалл: «Краткая история греческой философии». (Краткая и ясная.)

Виндельбанд: «История древней философии». Перевод Кашмана. (Очень точная и научная; также краткая.)

Целлер: «Досократическая философия». Перевод Аллейна. «Сократ и сократические школы». Перевод Рейхеля. (Полная и точная.)

Гомперц: «Греческие мыслители». Перевод Магнуса, в четырех томах. (Очень полная; особенно о Платоне. Не идет дальше Платона.)

Бернет: «Ранняя греческая философия». (Переводы фрагментов с комментариями.)

Фэрбенкс: «Первые философы Греции». (Переводы фрагментов с комментариями.)

Тернер: «История философии». (Отличный обзор схоластической философии.)

Ройс: «Дух современной философии». (Очень проясняющее вводное изложение современного идеализма.)

Фалькенберг: «История новой философии».

Хёффдинг: «История новой философии». Перевод Мейера, в двух томах. (Полная и хорошая.)

УКАЗАТЕЛЬ

Absolute, the, 307, 309, 332, 391, 392, 400, 404;

being, 308;

substance, 312;

ideal, 326;

spirit, 349 (note), 358 ff.;

mind, 349 (note), 358, 380, 322 ff.

Абсолютный идеализм, гл. XI;

general meaning, 177, 349 (note), 400;

criticism of, 349, 365, 385, 411, 416;

epistemology of, 368 ff.;

as related to Kant, 380;

direct argument for, 383;

ethics of, 386 ff.;

religion of, 390 ff.;

of present day, 402 ff., 410.

Абсолютный реализм, гл. X;

general meaning, 306 (note), 400;

epistemology of, 339;

ethics of, 342;

religion of, 346;

criticism of, 338, 416.

Abstract, the, 139.

Activity, 209, 285, 295.

Æsthetics, 189.

Agnosticism, 168, 252 ff.

Anaxagoras, 239;

quoted, 162.

Anaximander, 224.

Anselm, Saint, 200.

Anthropomorphism, 109.

Appreciation, 25, 402.

Aristotle, in formal logic, 186;

ethics of, 195, 345;

psychology of, 208;

philosophy of, 306, 332 ff.;

and Plato, 333, 336;

and Spinoza, 336;

epistemology of, 339;

religion of, 346, 429;

on evil, 353.

Atomism, 166, 229.

Также см. Левкипп и Демокрит.

Attitude, 62.

Attribute, in Spinoza, 312 ff.

Augustine, Saint, on communion with God, 68;

on pietism, 195;

his conception of self, 372.

Automatism, 248.

Baal, religion of, 88.

Bacon, Francis, on thought and action, 430.

Balfour, A. J., on materialism, 264.

Beauty, in æsthetics, 189;

in Plato, 327, 332.

Being, Eleatic conception of, 308 ff.

Belief, key to definition of religion, 58;

general characters applied to religion, 59 ff.;

in persons and dispositions, 62;

examples of religions, 66 ff.;

object of religions, 65, 82, 97;

relation to logic, 182, 183.

Bentham, 262.

Berkeley, on idealism, 176;

relation to common-sense, 267;

his refutation of material substance, 275 ff.;

epistemology of, 277, 296, 369;

theory of mathematics, 279;

his spiritualism, 280, 284, 292;

his conception of God, 284, 293;

ethics of, 302;

religion of, 304.

Buddhism, 78.

Cause, in science, 131;

God as first, 203;

of motion, 231 ff.;

spirit as, 293 ff.

Christianity, persistence of, 76;

essence of, 86;

development from Judaism, 94;

ethics of, 195, 198, 386;

idea of God in, 200 ff., 205;

emphasis on self-consciousness in, 372.

Comte, 115.

Contemplation, 428.

Conversion, 69 ff.

Corporeal Being, 224;

processes of, 225;

Berkeley's critique of, 278;

historical conceptions of, 229.

Cosmological Proof, the, of God, 203.

Cosmology, general meaning of, 159;

mechanism in, 161, 225;

teleology in, 161.

Cosmos, origin of, 242.

Critical Method, 319 ff.

Cynicism, 259.

Cyrenaicism, 259.

Dante, as philosopher-poet, 42 ff.;

general meaning of the Divine Comedy, 43;

and Thomas Aquinas, 43, 46;

his vision of the ways of God, 46;

on contemplation, 428.

Darwin, 204.

Deism, 207.

Democritus, 247.

Также см. Атомизм.

Descartes, on function of philosophy, 154;

dualism of, 272, 412;

his theory of space and matter, 229;

automatism of, 248;

epistemology of, 341, 375;

his conception of self, 374.

Description, as method of science, 128.

Dialectic, in Plato, 320;

in Hegel, 361.

Diogenes, 259.

Dogmatism, 167.

Dualism, general meaning, 162;

of Descartes, 272, 412.

Duty, 196, 356, 360, 386.

Eclecticism, contemporary, 398 ff., 413.

Элеаты.

См. Парменид и Зенон.

Emerson, on spirit, 359;

on nature, 364;

on absolute, 392;

on necessity, 393;

on faith, 424.

Empiricism, general meaning, 168;

in logic, 187;

in naturalism, 252 ff.;

of Locke, 274;

of Berkeley, 274 ff.

Energy, development of, conception of, 236 ff.

Epistemology, relation to metaphysics, 150;

definition of, 164;

fundamental problems of, 168, 172;

argument for God from, 202;

of naturalism, 248, 252 ff., 257;

of Descartes, 273, 341, 375;

of Berkeley, 277, 296;

of absolute realism, 339, 351;

of Leibniz, 340, 341;

of Plato, 340, 341;

of Hume, 376;

of Aristotle, 340, 341;

of absolute idealism, 351, 368 ff.;

of present day, 408 ff.

Eternal, the, 309.

Ether, 230.

Ethics, relation to metaphysics, 151, 196 ff., 360;

its origin in Socratic method, 181;

definition of, 191;

special problems and theories in, 191 ff.;

of Socrates, 192, 194;

of Aristotle, 195, 345;

of naturalism, 258 ff.;

of subjectivism, 298 ff.;

of Schopenhauer, 299;

argument for God from, 203;

individualism in, 301;

pluralism in, 302, 421;

of Stoics and Spinoza, 342;

Platonic, 342;

of Kant, 386;

of absolute idealism, 388.

Eudæmonism, 195.

Evil, Problem of, 317, 336, 339, 352, 365 ff.;

in Greek philosophy, 352;

in absolute idealism, 367, 418.

Evolution, of cosmos, 242 ff.;

of morality, 262.

Experience, 410, 411, 412;

analysis of, by Kant, 354.

Faith, 424;

special interests of, 199.

См. также Религия и Вера.

Ferguson, Chas., quoted, 265.

Fichte, 360, 402.

Fielding, H., quoted on religion, 59, 74.

Force, development of conception of, 231 ff.

Form, in Aristotle, 334.

Freedom, in ethics, 196, 388;

meanings and theories, 211.

God, as guarantee of ideals, 18, 425;

personality of, 62, 108 ff.;

St. Augustine's communion with, 68;

presence of, 68;

as a disposition from which consequences may be expected, 85;

meaning of, in religion, 87;

idea of, in Judaism and Christianity, 92;

why historical, 102;

social relation with, 103;

the ontological proof of, 200;

ethical and epistemological arguments for, 202;

cosmological proof of, 203;

teleological proof of, 204;

relation to the world, in theism, pantheism and deism, 205 ff.;

will of, 212;

conception of, in Berkeley, 284, 293 ff.;

conception and proof of, in Spinoza, 312 ff., 392, 393;

conception of, in Plato, 331, 352, 391, 393;

conception of, in Leibniz, 338, 353.

Также см. Абсолют.

Goethe, on Spinoza, and on philosophy, 51;

on pragmatism, 407.

Good, the, theories of, in ethics, 191 ff.;

and the real, 326 ff., 421 ff.

Greek, religion, in Homer and Lucretius, 89;

ideals, 195, 198, 429.

Green, T. H., quoted, 369, 385 (note).

Haeckel, quoted, 236, 266.

Hedonism, 192.

Hegel, on science, 129;

philosophy of, 150, 361 ff.;

relation to Kant, 381;

on the absolute, 382;

ethics of, 390.

Heraclitus, 308.

History, philosophy of, in Hegel, 363.

Hobbes, his misconception of relations of philosophy and science, 115;

quoted on ethics, 261.

Holbach, 251, 252.

Homer, on Greek religion, 90.

Humanism, 320, 404, 405.

Hume, positivism of, 115, 377;

phenomenalism of, 283;

and Descartes, 376.

Huxley, quoted, 255, 266.

Hylozoism, 225.

Ideal, the, in Plato, 326;

validity of, 416.

Idealism, various meanings of term, 173 (note);

meaning of, as theory of knowledge, 175 ff., 409;

of present day, 409 ff.;

эмпирический, см. Субъективизм, Феноменализм, Спиритуализм;

абсолютный, см. Абсолютный идеализм.

Ideals, in life, 10 ff.;

adoption of, 17 ff.

Ideas, the, in Plato, 329.

Imagination, in poetry, 99;

place of, in religion, 80, 97 ff.;

special functions of, in religion, 101 ff.;

scope of, in religion, 105 ff.;

and the personality of God, 110.

Imitatio Christi, quoted, 68.

Immanence Theory, 412, 413.

Immortality, 212.

Individualism, 301, 320, 338, 404.

Intuitionism, in ethics, 196.

James, William, quoted on religion, 65, 71, 305.

Judaism, development of, 92;

and Christianity, 94.

Kant, his transcendentalism, 177, 356;

his critique of knowledge, 354 ff., 377 ff.;

and absolute idealism, 380;

ethics of, 386.

Kepler, quoted, 129.

Knowledge, of the means in life, 8;

of the end, 10;

in poetry, 27 ff.;

in religion, 82, 85, 97, 105;

general theory of, on epistemology, 164 ff.;

problem of source and criterion of, 168 ff.;

problem of relation to its object, 172 ff., 277, 340, 351, 368 ff.;

relation of logic to, 183 ff.;

account of, in naturalism, 253 ff.

Также см. Эпистемология.

La Mettrie, quoted, 250.

La Place, 242;

quoted, 241.

Leibniz, on function of philosophy, 155;

philosophy of, 333, 336 ff.;

epistemology of, 339.

Leucippus, quoted, 161.

Life, as a starting-point for thought, 3;

definition of, 5 ff.;

and self-consciousness, 6;

philosophy of 17 ff., 153;

mechanical theory of, 244 ff.;

return of philosophy to, 427 ff.;

contemplation in, 428.

Locke, epistemology of, 273.

Logic, origin in Socratic method, 181;

affiliations of, 182, 188;

definition of, 183;

parts of formal, 184 ff.;

present tendencies in, 187 ff.;

algebra of, 189.

Lucretius, his criticism of Greek religion, quoted, 89 ff.;

on mechanism, 226, 240.

McTaggart, J. M. E., on Hegel, 367;

on the absolute, 391.

Mach, E., 283;

on philosophy and science, 120.

Malebranche, 376.

Marcus Aurelius, 348.

Materialism, 254, 256;

general meaning, 223, 414;

development, 224 ff.;

and science, 228;

French, 249;

theory of mind in, 250.

Mathematics, importance in science, 132;

logic in, 188;

Berkeley's conception of, 279;

Plato's conception of, 329, 335;

Spinoza's conception of, 311, 335.

Matter, 225, 228;

and space, 229;

Berkeley's refutation of, 275 ff.;

in Plato and Aristotle, 334.

Mechanical Theory, practical significance of its extension to the world at large, 20;

in cosmology, 161, 225;

of Descartes, 231;

Ньютона 232;

of origin of cosmos, 242;

of life, 244;

in Spinoza, 336.

Metaphysics, relation to epistemology, 150;

relation to ethics, 151, 196 ff.;

definition of, 158;

relation to logic, 188;

relation to theology, 207;

present tendencies in, 399 ff., 408.

Mill, J. S., 283 (note).

Mind, explanation of in naturalism, 237, 247 ff.;

of God, in Berkeley, 284, 294, 296;

absolute, 349 (note), 358, 382 ff.

Также см. Я и Душа.

Mode, in Spinoza, 313.

Monads, in Leibniz, 338.

Monism, 159, 163.

Morality, and religion, 73;

grounds of, according to Kant, 356;

incentive to, 422.

Mysticism, general account, 171;

Schopenhauer's, 290;

types of religions, 391.

Naegeli, C. v., quoted, 287.

Natural Science, true relations of, with philosophy, 116;

sphere of, with reference to philosophy, 117 ff.;

philosophy of, its procedure, 121, 135, 142, 154, 401;

origin of, as special interest, 123 ff.;

human value of, 126, 127, 143;

method and fundamental conceptions of, 406, 128 ff.;

general development of, 134;

limits of, because abstract, 136 ff., 414;

validity of, 142;

logic and, 188;

development of conceptions in, 229 ff.;

grounds of, according to Kant, 355, 377;

Hume on, 377;

permanence and progress in, 395 ff.

Natural Selection, 204, 245.

Натурализм, гл. VIII;

general meaning, 217, 223 (note), 399;

claims of, 239;

task of, 241;

criticism of, 117, 257, 263;

of present day, 405, 412.

Также см. Материализм и Позитивизм.

Nature, 160, 244, 337;

in Berkeley, 294;

in Spinoza, 317, 338;

in Hegel, 363;

in Kant, 377 ff.;

in contemporary philosophy, 401.

Также см. Естествознание и Натурализм.

Nebular Hypothesis, 242.

Necessity, of will, 211;

ethics of, 342;

religion of, 393.

Neo-Fichteans, 402, 403 (note).

Neo-Kantians, 403.

Newton, 232, 235, 242, 355, 377.

Normative Sciences, the, 180.

Omar Khayyam, quoted, 16;

as a philosopher-poet, 36.

Ontological Proof, of God, 200.

Ontology, 159.

Optimism, 104, 388, 422, 424.

Panpsychism, 176, 238, 285 ff.

Pantheism, in primitive religion, 78;

general meaning, 205;

types of, 390.

Parker, Theodore, quoted on religion, 67.

Parmenides, and rationalism, 168;

philosophy of, 308 ff., 337;

and Aristotle, 336.

Pater, Walter, on Wordsworth, 38;

on Cyrenaicism, 260;

on subjectivism, 270.

Paulsen, Friedrich, ethics of, quoted, 302.

Pearson, Karl, quoted, 230.

Восприятие. См. Чувственное восприятие.

Personal Idealism, 404, 405.

Personality, of God, important in understanding of religion, 62;

существенно ли для религии? 108 сл.

Persons, description of belief in, 62;

imagination of, 101, 110.

Pessimism, 104, 299, 424.

Phenomenalism, general meaning, 176, 267 (note);

of Berkeley, 272, 275 ff.;

of Hume, 283;

various tendencies in, 281.

Философ, практический человек и, гл. I;

the rôle of the, 306, 426.

Philosophy, commonly misconceived, 3;

of the devotee, 13;

of the man of affairs, 14;

of the voluptuary, 16;

of life, its general meaning, 17 ff., 153;

its relations with poetry, chap. ii, 112;

lack of, in Shakespeare, 33;

as expression of personality, 33;

as premature, 33;

in poetry of Omar Khayyam, 36;

in poetry of Wordsworth, 38 ff.;

in poetry of Dante, 42 ff.;

difference between philosophy and poetry, 48 ff.;

in religion, 108 ff.;

compared with religion, 112;

true attitude of, toward science, 116;

sphere of, in relation to science, 117, 395 ff.;

procedure of, with reference to science, 121, 135, 142, 154, 160;

human value of, 143, 426 ff.;

can its problem be divided? 149, 155;

origin of, 157;

специальные проблемы, гл. VI, VII;

and psychology, 216;

peculiar object of, 308;

self-criticism in, 319 ff., 325;

permanence and progress in, 395 ff.;

contemporary, 398 ff.

Физическое.

См. Телесная сущность, Материализм и т. д.

Physiology, 246.

Piety, description and interpretation of, 72;

in ethics, 195.

Plato, on Protagoras, 167, 269, 270, 298;

quoted, on Socrates, 170, 192, 194;

historical preparation for, 324;

psychology of, 209;

philosophy of, 306, 318, 326 ff., 382;

and Aristotle, 333;

and Spinoza, 318, 335;

epistemology of, 339;

ethics of, 342;

religion of, 346, 391, 393;

on evil, 352;

on spirit, 359;

on reason and perception, 370;

on the philosopher, 426.

Pluralism, general meaning of, 159, 163, 419;

in ethics, 302, 421 ff.;

in religion, 304.

Поэзия, отношения с философией, гл. II;

as appreciation, 25;

virtue of sincerity in, 27;

the "barbarian" in, 28;

constructive knowledge in, 30;

difference between philosophy and, 48 ff.

Positivism, on relation of philosophy and science, 115, 122;

general meaning of, 168, 234, 252 ff., 412.

Practical Knowledge, of means, 8 ff.;

of end or purpose, 10 ff.;

implied in religion, 85, 97;

philosophy as, 153.

Практический человек и философ, гл. I;

his failure to understand philosophy, 3;

his ideal, 14;

virtually a philosopher, 22.

Pragmatism, 151, 407, 408.

Prayer, 103.

Prediction, in science, 130.

Present Day, philosophy of the, 398 ff.

Protagoras, scepticism of, 166, 271;

subjectivism of, 269;

ethics of, 298.

Psychology, of religion, 58, 82;

inadequate to religion, 82;

as branch of philosophy, 208 ff., 216;

as natural science, 213;

affiliations of, 215;

limits of, 415.

Psycho-physical Parallelism, 215, 252.

Purpose, in life, 10 ff.;

adoption of life-purpose, 17 ff.;

practical significance of, in the world at large, 20.

Также см. Телеология, Идеал и т. д.

Qualities, primary and secondary, 254, 274, 277.

Rationalism, general meaning, 168, 416;

in logic, 180, 184;

in ethics, 193;

of eleatics, 310;

of Spinoza, 311;

in absolute realism, 339;

criticism of, 418.

Realism, various meanings of term, 173 (note);

meaning of, as theory of knowledge, 172;

of Parmenides, 308 ff.;

of Plato and Aristotle, 341;

of present day, 409 ff.

Reason, 370.

См. Рационализм.

Relativism, 166, 267 ff.;

in ethics, 298.

Религия, гл. III, IV;

relation to poetry and philosophy, 49, 52;

difficulty of defining, 53;

possibility of defining, 54;

profitableness of defining, 54;

true method of defining, 56;

misconceptions of, 56;

as possessing the psychological character of belief, 59 ff.;

degree of, in individuals and moods, 60, 61;

definition of, as belief in disposition of universe, 64 ff., 82;

and morality, 73;

symbolism in, 75;

prophet and preacher of, 75;

conveyance of, 76;

primitive, 77;

Buddhism, 78;

the critical or enlightened type of, 80;

means to be true, 82 ff.;

implies a practical truth, 85;

cases of truth and error in, 88 ff.;

of Baal, 88;

Greek, 89;

of Jews, its development, 92;

Christian, 94;

definition of cognitive factor in, 97;

place of imagination in, 80, 97 ff.;

special functions of imagination in, 101 ff.;

relation of imagination and truth in, 105;

philosophy implied in, 108 ff.;

is personal god essential to, 108;

compared with philosophy, 112;

compared with science, 145;

special philosophical problems of, 199 ff.;

of naturalism, 263 ff.;

of subjectivism and spiritualism, 302 ff.;

of Plato and Aristotle, 346, 393;

of Stoics and Spinoza, 348, 393;

philosophy of, in Hegel, 365;

of absolute idealism, 390 ff.

Religious Phenomena, interpretation of, 69 ff.

Representative Theory, of knowledge, 174, 412.

Romanticism, 361.

Rousseau, quoted on nature, 64.

Royce, Josiah, quoted on absolute idealism, 178, 384, 394.

Santayana, George, quoted on poetry 28, 29.

Scepticism, 166, 267 ff.

См. Позитивизм и Агностицизм.

Schelling, misconception of science, 116.

Scholasticism, 333;

idea of God in, 201.

Schopenhauer, his panpsychism or voluntarism, 177, 285 ff.;

universalizes subjectivism, 290;

mysticism of, 290;

ethics of, 299;

religion of, 303.

Наука.

Также см. Естествознание и Нормативная наука.

Secularism, of Shakespeare, 34;

of Periclean Age, 320;

of present age, 427.

Self, problem of, 216;

proof of, in St. Augustine, 372;

proof of, in Descartes, 374;

deeper moral of, 387;

in contemporary philosophy, 411, 413.

Также см. Душа и Разум.

Self-consciousness, essential to human life, 6;

development of conception of, 371 ff.;

in absolute idealism, 383;

in idealistic ethics, 386.

Sensationalism, 247, 255, 269.

Sense-perception, 168, 247, 269, 370;

being as, in Berkeley, 281.

Shakespeare, general criticism of, 30 ff.;

his universality, 31;

lack of philosophy in, 33.

Shelley, quoted on poetry, 50.

Social Relations, belief inspired by, analogue of religion, 62;

imagination of, extended to God, 101.

Socrates, rationalism of, 169;

and normative science, 180;

ethics of, 192, 194;

method of, 321 ff.

Sophists, the, epistemology of, 165;

scepticism of, 271, 320;

ethics of, 298, 301;

age of, 320.

Soul, the, in Aristotle, 208;

in Plato, 209;

as substance, 209;

intellectualism and voluntarism in theory of, 210;

immortality of, 212;

Berkeley's theory of, 284.

Также см. Разум и Я.

Space, importance in science, 130;

and matter, 229.

Spencer, 236 (note), 243, 265.

Spinoza, and Goethe, 51;

quoted on philosophy and life, 153;

philosophy of, 306, 311 ff.;

criticism and estimate of, 315 ff.;

and Plato, 318, 335;

and Aristotle, 336;

epistemology of, 339;

ethics of, 342;

religion of, 348, 392, 393.

Spirit, the absolute, 358 ff.

Spiritualism, general meaning, 176, 267 (note);

in Berkeley, 280, 292;

in Schopenhauer, 285;

criticism of, 288;

objective, 292.

Stevenson, R. L., quoted on religion, 67.

Stoicism, ethics of, 342;

religion of, 348.

Субъективизм, гл. IX;

general meaning, 175, 218, 267 (note), 415;

in æsthetics, 190;

of Berkeley, 275 ff.;

universalization of, in Schopenhauer, 290;

criticism of, 297, 415;

ethics of, 298 ff.;

in absolute idealism, 368;

of present day, 409.

Substance, spiritual, 209, 284;

material, Berkeley's refutation of, 275 ff.;

Spinoza's conception of, 311;

the infinite, in Spinoza, 312;

Aristotle's conception of, 334;

Leibniz's conception of, 338.

Symbolism, in religion, 75.

Teleology, in cosmology, 161;

proof of God from, 204;

Spinoza on, 318;

in Plato, 326 ff., 336;

in Aristotle, 336.

Theism, 205.

Theology, relation to religion, 98;

in philosophy, 199 ff.;

relation to metaphysics, 207.

Thomson, J., quoted, 104.

Thought, and life, 6 ff.;

as being, in Hegel, 361 ff.

Thucydides, on thought and action, 429.

Time, importance in science, 130.

Transcendentalism, 177, 349 (note), 356.

См. Идеализм, абсолютный.

Tyndall, 115.

Universal, scientific knowledge as, 125, 139.

Universe, the, as object of religious reaction, 64;

common object of philosophy and religion, 112;

as collective, 419.

Utilitarianism, 261.

Virtue, 198, 345.

Voltaire, quoted, 231, 251.

Voluntarism, in psychology, 210;

in Schopenhauer, 285.

Whitman, Walt, 27 ff.

Will, in psychology, 210;

freedom and determination of, 211;

in Schopenhauer, 177;

as cause, in Berkeley, 293 ff.;

in pragmatism, 407.

Wordsworth, as philosopher-poet, 38 ff.;

his sense for the universal, 40;

quoted on poetry and philosophy, 48, 50.

Zeno, 337.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЯ ПЕРЕВОДЧИКА:

Страницы vi, 2, 148, 220 и 222 в оригинале пустые.

Многоточия соответствуют оригиналу.

Варианты написания оставлены как в оригинале. Примеры включают следующее:

co-ordinated coördinated

Kuelpe Külpe's

Muensterberg Münsterberg

Nirvana Nirvâna

Phaedo Phædo

pre-eminent preëminent

pre-eminently preëminently

reenforcement reënforce

role rôle

Theaetetus Theætetus

В текст были внесены следующие исправления:

Страница xv: Глава VI. Метафизика и эпистемология {в оригинале Epistomology}

Страница 70: Психология {в оригинале pyschology} обращения

Страница 93: тот, кто практикует {в оригинале practises} социальные добродетели

Страница 165: реальность не привела к консенсусу {в оригинале concensus} мнений

Страница 196: но в законе, которому он {в оригинале its} обязан подчиняться

Страница 261: «справедливость», «благодарность», «{в оригинале пропущена кавычка}скромность»,

Страница 283: сохраненные после их первоначального {в оригинале orignal} значения

Страница 288: ничего, кроме высшего развития {в оригинале devolpment} на нашей земле

Страница 325: философ, который определил бытие как {в оригинале a} идеал

Страница 405: Анри Бергсон: «Опыт {в оригинале Essoi} о непосредственных данных сознания»

Страница 434: Фома Кемпийский {в оригинале á}: «О подражании Христу».

Страница 436: Хаксли, Т. Г.: «Эволюция и этика; Пролегомены» {в оригинале Prologomena}.

[51:11] Т. I, с. 60.{в оригинале пропущена точка}

[199:14] религия в этих вопросах, ср. {в оригинале Cf.} Декарт:

[287:16] Перевод Холдейна и Кемпа {в оригинале Komp}

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