He does everything ab hoc and ab hac, puts all in the same sack,
Justice and finance, this bien-aimé of the Almanac, etc., etc. 196. Zamore was a negro who repaid by the basest treachery the favors lavished on him by Madame du Barry; he was the immediate cause of her execution, having betrayed her hiding-place to the convention. She is the only woman of that period who died like a coward, struggling to the last. 197. “Let our hearts be light and gay,
Glory's hour is here to-day;
The blood-red blade is raised on high,
We conquer when we die—
Rally to victory.
'Neath the flag of a dying God!
We tread the path he trod;
We run, we fly
To glory nigh.
Behold our ardor rise,
Our hearts are in the skies,
Arise, arise!
The scaffold mount—and God's the victory.” 198. Blue is the color of knowledge. 199. Der liebe Gott, the received formula in Germany, as the “good God,” le bon Dieu, in French, and Almighty God in English. 200. Exod. xv. 11. 201. Matt. vi. 33. 202. Eccl. xx. 9. 203. Lam. iii. 31. 204. Is. xxix. 18. 205. Matt. v. 10. 206. Rom. xi. 33. 207. Ps. xlii. 1. 208. Baruch v. 6. 209. The Arno, Chiana, and Mugnone. 210. London Times, Feb. 3. 211. As was shown in The Catholic World last month, excommunication is not only recognized by the law in the case of Protestant excommunicators, but has been sanctioned and confirmed by law, on an actual case being brought into court. Of course we shall be met by the objection that the formal declaration of Papal Infallibility has altered the connection between the Catholic Church and the state. Unfortunately for this easy method of explaining away difficult matters, excommunication has not been a whit altered in force, relation, or form from the days of the Apostles to Pius IX. 212. In proof of which read the declaration of Count Andrássy to the Austrian Parliament that, notwithstanding the friendly assurances with which the three emperors parted at the breaking up of their recent conference at Berlin, he could not guarantee peace even up to Christmas. Observe also the significant rearming of all the great European powers and the recent order from Berlin of 3,000,000 rifles of a new pattern. 213. Witness Bavaria's remonstrance, which was disregarded, at the sudden imposition of the severe military code of Prussian service without allowing it time to recover. As a more recent comment on that, read the very able and interesting letters which appeared in the New York Herald, Nov. 22, on the European situation, a short extract from which, of a Bavarian view on German unity, we give: “Germany accepts it, because it in some respects realizes the German dream of unity. That, of course, every German wants. But no one wants a united despotism, a military code that turns the whole nation into a camp, and takes half a million able-bodied men away from the farms and industrious callings. We want a Germany for the good of the fatherland, not for the glory of a little upstart Prussian prince whose name is not much older than the Bonapartes' crown.” 214. “Desine fata deûm flecti sperare precando.”—Virg. Æn. vi. 376. 215. In Germany. 216. “Divorce Legislation in Connecticut,” and “The Indissolubility of Christian Marriage.” 217. For this and the following references, see Rohrbacher's Histoire Universelle de l'Eglise Catholique. This work is so comprehensive, and so full of the most learned and accurate researches, that we have relied entirely upon its lengthened narratives for the facts mentioned in this article. The work is excessively voluminous (28 vols 8vo), and to verify personally each separate reference given by the author would be almost impossible, besides being a very tedious undertaking. We have preferred, therefore, to rely upon the single authority of one who is confessedly the best modern church historian. 218. History of the Reformation. 219. E. Dally. 220. “It is an error to suppose that the Catholic faith limits the existence of man to about six thousand years. The church has never decided this delicate question, and this abstention is full of wisdom. Nothing positive, in fact, has been revealed to us on this point. The various chronological systems are the work of man; they rest on bases often hypothetical. Nevertheless, we cannot admit even the possibility of the arbitrary theories of several distinguished geologists who date the appearance of man on the earth twenty and even thirty millions of years back. Good-sense alone should incline one to be moderate on this point.”—Mgr. Meignan, Le Monde et l'Homme primitif, chap. vi. 221. L'Homme pendant les Ages de la Pierre dans les Environs de Dinant-sur-Meuse. 2e édition. Bruxelles: Muquardt. 1872. 222. This is true, at most, of the formations previous to the quaternary deposits; in the latter, the synchronism of the fauna becomes wholly uncertain, and only founds the emigration or disappearance of certain species of animals on inductions that have a hypothetical basis. As to their emigration, we have had too many instances in the historic period, as M. Chabas justly observes, to make us regard that necessarily the index of vast chronological intervals. Where are the elephants that abounded in Mauretania Tingitana, according to Solinus' Polyhistor; the hippopotami of Lower Egypt, the boas of Calabria, the lions, aurochs, and bears of Macedonia, the beaver, etc.? In the XVIIth century of our era, the stag, roebuck, wild boar, wolf, and bear still formed a part of the fauna of the Cevennes. The reindeer lived in the Black Forest in the time of Cæsar, who describes this animal from hearsay, but characterizes it sufficiently by the peculiarity of the male and female having the same kind of horns. M. Lartet is also inclined to the opinion that the age of the reindeer is perhaps not so ancient as was once supposed. The mammoth is no longer found alive, but has been discovered with its flesh and skin still remaining, embedded in ice, and affording nourishment to dogs and other animals. Struck with this preservation, M. d'Orbigny expresses a doubt as to the antiquity of the mammoth. He thinks it may have existed five or six thousand years ago, and believes it may still live in some unexplored locality. At least, it lived in America till a comparatively recent period. Its remains, and those of the mastodon, have been found in the auriferous deposits of California, among remarkable traces of human labor. At the Congress of Copenhagen, M. Schaffhausen expressed the opinion that the lost species should rather be regarded of a more recent date than that the antiquity of man should be extended to hundreds of thousands of years. As to the wretchedness and inferiority evident from the primitive pursuits of man and the conformity of his organs, the enemies of Christianity triumph over the discovery. We believe with Mgr. Meignan that “a proof of the authenticity of the Bible has been lightly transformed into an objection against it. The revolt and disobedience of man explain the wretched state in which he at first lived; and the hardships he underwent during the period he inhabited caverns and lacustrine dwellings prove to all who believe in the goodness of God that a great crime must have armed His justice.” 223. “In the year of the Nativity of our Lord 710, the sixth day of the month of December, under the reign of Eudes, most pious King of the French, during the ravages of the perfidious Saracen nation, the body of the most dear and venerable Marie Madeleine was secretly and by night transferred from its alabaster sepulchre into the present one, which is of marble, and whence the body of Sidonius has been withdrawn, in order that the other may be better concealed and be beyond the reach of the above-named perfidious nation.” 224. Seven years later, when the head was taken to Rome by Charles, Boniface VIII. sent to S. John of Lateran for a relic which had long been venerated there as the maxillar bone of Magdalen; on adjusting it to the broken part, it fitted in so exactly as to leave no doubt as to where it had originally been taken from. 225. Shea. 226. See the narrative and map in Shea's History of the Discovery and Exploration of the Mississippi. 227. Pronounced Ac-o-ma—the accent on the first syllable. 228. “This way, gentlemen.” 229. Red pepper; chile verde, green pepper. 230. This estimate, which was considered as too high by some of the clergymen present, is given only as conjectural. It is based on the census of 1870, according to which there are in the state, in round numbers, 203,000 persons of foreign parentage at least on one side, of whom 113,000 are foreign-born. It would seem probable that we might allow out of this number 83,000 foreign-born and 67,000 native-born Catholics. It is certain, from other evidence, that the number is over 100,000, and, whatever the correct number may be, nine-twentieths is very near the proportion of the native-born to the whole number. The entire population of the state is 537,000. Nearly two-fifths of the whole are, therefore, of foreign parentage. 231. Eugénie de la Ferronnays. 232. “The Church the Champion of Marriage,” Catholic World, February, 1873. 233. Deut. xxi 16, 17. 234. Gen. xxiv. 39, 57, 58. 235. Numb. xxvii. 8; xxxvi. 3, 8. 236. S. John i. 13. 237. Jeremy Taylor's “On the Marriage Ring,” besides many modern ones, especially by the Rev. Dr. Morgan Dix, New York. 238. Matt. vii. 21. 239. Matt. xxii. 29, 30; Mark xii. 24, 25. 240. Considérations sur la France, chapter x. et alibi passim. 241. M. de Maistre is sometimes quoted as taking a different view; for example, in an article in the Correspondant for Nov. 10, Joseph de Maistre declared revolution an epoch and not an event. But this by no means signifies that the illustrious publicist meant that revolution was about to prevail. He says: “The French Revolution is an important epoch, and its manifold consequences will be felt far beyond the time of its outbreak and the limits of its original sphere.... If there is not a moral revolution throughout Europe, if the religious spirit is not strengthened in this part of the world, the bonds of society will dissolve.” The clergy of France, in particular, are called to “the essential work” of reacting against the influence of the Goddess of Reason. See Considérations sur la France, chap. ii. 242. Etudes sur l'Italie contemporaine, and Notes d'un Voyageur. Première Etude, June, 1871; Seconde Etude, July, 1872. Paris: Amyot. 243. Première Etude, p. 3. 244. “Except the Univers, which has a correspondent at Rome, and keeps up constant communications with that city in other ways, and, on the other side, the Journal des Débats, which is supplied with information by the Italian government, and, as we have been assured, receives a handsome subsidy for the patronage accorded, most of the French papers have no other source of supplying their readers with news than the conjectures, more or less unreliable, of the Havas agency, a succursale, as to what concerns Italy, of the Stefani agency at Florence. It is supposed, however, that nothing is easier than to obtain information about a country at our very doors.”—M. Ed. Dulaurier, member of the Institute, “Impressions et Souvenirs de Rome,” in the Gazette du Languedoc for Sept. 19. I take the liberty of recommending to M. Dulaurier, and all who wish to know the state of affairs in Italy, the valuable Correspondance de Genève. The Journal of Florence, recently combined with the Cattolica of Rome, affords instructive reading. Besides information peculiar to itself, this paper reproduces in each number interesting extracts from various Italian journals. 245. “The French, under Napoleon I., introduced the idea of centralization into Italy and the code of the Revolution which the restored princes had the want of foresight to retain. The old municipalities were destroyed, and never recovered their former independence even in the States of the Church. Piedmont, of all the states of the Peninsula, was the longest under the poisonous influence of foreign ideas. Hence it became the centre of the Revolution.”—Quel est l'Avenir de l'Europe? pages 40-41. Geneva: Grosset, 1871. The author of this remarkable work is of the school of the Count de Maistre, and worthy of his master. 246. Première Etude, pp. 6, 12, 13, 15; Seconde Etude, pp. 4, 10, 11. 247. Première Etude, p. 10. 248. Journal d'un Diplomate en Italie.—See the Etudes for July, 1872. 249. Journal d'un Diplomate en Italie, pp. 305, 306. 250. Journal d'un Diplomate en Italie, pp. 116, 117. 251. Les Diplomates Français sous Napoléon III., by B. d'Agreval. Paris: Dentu. 1872. A work we recommend to all publicists who wish to add to their knowledge. 252. Première Etude, p. 10. 253. Première Etude, pp. 5, 10, 11; Seconde Etude, p. 4. 254. Première Etude, p. 7. 255. The minister has laid before the Parliament the account of the expense of opening the breach in the walls of Rome. This crime cost nearly forty-eight millions. 256. Première Etude, p. 11; Seconde Etude, p. 12. 257. Cf. Première Etude, p. 10. 258. See a forcible and eloquent article in the Civiltà Cattolica on the Caresses de la Providence. Sér. viii. vol. v., No. 519, Feb., 1872. 259. (Première Etude, pp. 7, 8, 27; Seconde Etude, pp. 11, 12.) “The invaders take the stand of masters, but the people have not joined them. They remain isolated in their midst in the position of a military and administrative colony, about as favorably regarded and received as the Prussians in those departments of our country where they are still encamped. The Romans, it cannot be denied, love their Pope.”—M. Ed. Dulaurier, loc. cit. 260. Union, Nov. 26. 261. “We continue to be regarded at Berlin with the most favorable dispositions, as the demonstrations of which our princes were the object prove.”—Speech of M. Visconti-Venosta in the Chamber of Deputies, Nov. 27, 1872. 262. Seconde Etude, p. 13. 263. Address, April 28, 1872. 264. Correspondance Diplomatique in the year 1815. 265. Première Etude, p. 17; Seconde Etude, pp. 4, 14, 15, 16, 17. 266. Première Etude, pp. 25, 26; Seconde Etude, pp. 15, 16, 26. 267. See, in the Etudes for Oct., 1871, the article by Fr. Ch. Clair, who, in an address to the government of M. Thiers, carries on a vigorous argument ad hominem respecting the “necessary liberties” of the Pope. 268. P. Toulement, La Providence et les Chàtiments de la France, ch. xvii. 269. Première Etude, pp. 24, 25, 26: Seconde Etude, pp. 17, 22, 34. 270. Journal d'un Diplomate en Italie, pp. 17, 18. 271. This alludes to the indication of superhuman power by the budding horns which Michael Angelo has represented upon the head of Moses, adopting the Jewish symbol of strength so frequent in Scripture. 272. Ecclus. xlviii. II. 273. So soon accepted! 274.
«Я, нижеподписавшийся, приходской священник святейшей Константиновской базилики Двенадцати Апостолов в Риме, удостоверяю, что в Регистре XII умерших, буква N, страница 283, находится запись, копией которой, слово в слово, является следующая.
«Двадцать второго декабря, тысяча восемьсот шестьдесят шестого года, мадемуазель Клэр-Франсуаза-Амели Лотар из Марселя, дочь М. Жана Батиста Лотара, благочестивейшая дева, предлагая в прошлое воскресенье свою жизнь Богу за Святого Отца, Рим и церковь, была на месте поражена болезнью и, благочестиво приняв таинства церкви, в полном сознании, в молитве и в окружении нескольких священников и дев, предала свою душу Иисусу Христу, своему супругу, с величайшим спокойствием, в среду 19-го, в половине десятого утра, в доме по улице Рипреза-деи-Барбери 175, в возрасте пятидесяти девяти лет. На следующий день, 20-го, ее тело было перенесено после completuum, в сопровождении большого числа монашествующих, в эту базилику и было здесь выставлено в течение утра по обычаю знатных особ, при этом была совершена служба по умершим и торжественная Месса; во второй половине дня оно было перевезено в церковь Санта-Мария-ин-Арачели и там погребено в гробнице Сестер Святого Иосифа от Явления.
«Дано в Риме» и т. д.
275. This mistake is awing to a wrong meaning given to a word in the Book of Joshua in the Septuagint; where the word tsorim is translated knife of stone, when it also means a sharp knife; tsor only means stone in the sense of rock or block. 276. Simonin, La Vie Souterraine. 277. Ancient name of the Prussians.—Trans. 278. S. Jerome's Epist. 44, 45. 279. Hist. of Decline and Fall of Rom. Emp., vol. iv. ch. ix. p. 262, 1st ed. 280. Germania, i. 5. 281. “The Study of Sociology,” by H. Spencer, in the May No. of The Contemporary Review, 1872. 282. See Mrs. Hope's Conversion of the Teutonic Race, ch. i. 283. Conv. of Teut. Race, p. 20. 284. Apollin., Paneg. Major. 285. Germania, iii. 286. Suet., in Oct. xxiii. 287. I. 61. 288. Plutarch, Vita Marii. 289. S. Jer. adv. Jovin. ii.
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